The behavior of convection and the Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO) is compared in two simulations from the same global climate model but with two very different treatments of convection: one has a conventional parameterization of moist processes and the other replaces the parameterization with a two-dimensional cloud-resolving model, the so-called superparameterization. The different behavior o...

The non hydrostatic convection resolving model MOLOCH is employed in order to evaluate its capability to realistically simulate the evolution of a mesoscale convective system responsible for an episode of heavy rainfall and flood over southeastern France (Gard event). Numerical experiments indicate large sensitivity of precipitation amounts and distribution, due to different cell organization a...

Satellite-based precipitation estimates products, CMORPH and PERSIANN-CCS, were evaluated with a dense rain gauge network over Beijing and adjacent regions for an extremely heavy precipitation event on July 21 2012. CMORPH and PEERSIANN-CSS misplaced the region of greatest rainfall accumulation, and failed to capture the spatial pattern of precipitation, evidenced by a low spatial correlation c...

The extreme flood of Lake Constance in 1999 focused attention on the variability of annual lake levels. The year 1999 not only brought one of the highest floods of the last 180 years but also one of the earliest in the season. The 1999 extreme event was caused by heavy rainfall in the alpine and pre-alpine regions. The influence of precipitation in the two distinct regional catchments on lake l...

Many general circulation models (GCMs) share similar biases in the representation of the intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ) in the Atlantic, even when they are forced with the time series of the observed sea surface temperature (SST). Specifically, they overestimate precipitation in the Southern Hemisphere in boreal spring and in the Caribbean region in boreal summer. The majority of the mod...

Lipopolysaccharides of the seven Fisher immunotypes of Pseudomonas aeruginosa gave cross-precipitation in many antipneumococcal sera. The reaction of Pseudomonas type IV in type 25 antipneumococcal serum was immediate and heavy: 93 micrograms of antibody nitrogen per ml. Correlations are described, mainly between the structures of the O-chains of the immunotypes and their specificities as shown...

During the last two decades, extensive attention has been paid on the management of environmental pollution causal by hazardous materials such as heavy metals. Decontamination of heavy metals in the soil and water around industrial plants has been a challenge for a long time. A number of methods have been developed for the removal of heavy metals from liquid wastes such as precipitation, evapor...

Industrial effluents loaded with heavy metals are a cause of hazards to human and other forms of life. Conventional methods such as precipitation, evaporation, electroplating, ion exchange, membrane processes, etc. used for removal of heavy metals from waste water however, are often cost prohibitive having inadequate efficiencies at low metal ion concentrations. Biosorption can be considered as...

Global Climate Models (GCMs) precipitation scenarios are often characterized by biases and coarse resolution that limit their direct application for basin level hydrological modeling. Bias-correction and spatial disaggregation methods are employed to improve the quality of ECHAM4/OPYC SRES A2 and B2 precipitation for the Ping River Basin in Thailand. Bias-correction method, based on gamma-gamma...

Dendrogeomorphologic approaches were used to study hillslope erosion and valley floor dynamics in a small drainage basin in the Colorado Plateau of northeastern Arizona, U.S.A. Root exposure in pinyon pines indicated hillslope erosion averaged 1.9mm/yr over the last 400yr, but erosion has been highly episodic. Negative increment growth anomalies in hillslope trees are interpreted as the consequ...