Fatigue refers to the decrement of response seen with repeated stimulation and is a prominent attribute of nociceptors. Whether fatigue in nociceptors involves transduction, spike initiation, or conduction mechanisms is unknown. We investigated systematically how electrical, mechanical, and heat conditioning stimuli (eCS, mCS, hCS) affected the subsequent response to a test-heat stimulus applie...

Tests were run with both R-12 and R-l34a in a water calorimeter. Refrigerant 12 was run with mineral oil as the lubricant. Evaporating and condensing heat transfer coefficients were calculated over a range of temperatures. To evaluate the impact of the lubricant on the heat transfer coefficients, a oil separator was added. Tests were then run with the oil separator over the same temperature ran...

The Saturn-bound Cassini spammft is designed to rely, without preccdcn~ on the waste heat from its three radioisotope thcrrnocl~”c generators (RTGs) to warm the propulsion module subsystem, and the RTG end dome tcmpcmture is a key determining factor of the amount of waste heat delivered. A previously vatidatcd SINDA thermal model of the RTG was the sole guide to understanding its complex thcrma...

conclusions coffee caused the most color changes in the examined resin denture teeth. tea and cola left less staining on the teeth, and distilled water caused the least discoloration. generally, investing by heat- and cold-cured acrylic resins can significantly affect the color stability of resin denture teeth; however, heat-cured acrylic resins had fewer color changes. results there were signi...

Many test handlers process semiconductor devices in trays which must be rapidly heated or cooled by a forced air flow to a desired test temperature and then back to ambient temperature. This paper describes a new design feature for testhandler tray that significantly increases the rate of convective heat transfer to the tray and the devices in the tray. The improved tray incorporates lateral ri...

The main objective of the work reported here is to assess factors that could affect the outcome of a proposed open flame test for barrier fabrics (BF-open flame test). The BF-open flame test characterizes barrier effectiveness by monitoring the ignition of a flexible polyurethane foam (FPUF) layer placed in contact with the upper side of the barrier fabric, exposed to a burner flame from below....

The ground thermal properties and the heat-transfer efficiency of the borehole heat exchanger (BHE) system are key parameters for designing ground-coupled systems. Proper design of such systems requires good knowledge of these parameters, providing an efficient and economic operation. For this purpose a test procedure known as Thermal Response Test (TRT) was developed in 1996 at the Oklahoma St...

The increasing demand from the consumer for higher levels of refinement from their passenger vehicles has put considerable pressure on the automotive industry to produce ever quieter cars. In order to prevent the occurrence of many forms of brake noise, especially judder and drone, excessive heating of the brake disc must be avoided, whilst minimising temperature variations across the rotor. In...

This experimental study is intended to explore the heat performance of a novel vacuum tube heat collector with thermal storage. In order to enhance the heat transfer performance, we add radial metal fins to the U-tube which is used as the heat transfer channel of water. Meanwhile, in order to increase the thermal capacity of the heat collector, the heat collector model is designed to be larger ...

Sorption-based heat transformation and storage appliances are very promising for utilizing solar heat and waste heat in cooling or heating applications. The economic and ecological efficiency of sorption-based heat transformation depends on the availability of suitable hydrophilic and hydrothermally stable sorption materials. We investigated the feasibility of using the metal-organic frameworks...