adsorption is a fundamental process in the physicochemical treatment of wastewaters which industries employ to reduce hazardous organic and inorganic wastes in effluents. in recent years the use of low-cost adsorbents has been widely investigated as a replacement for the currently costly methods of removing heavy metal ions from wastewater. it is well-known that cellulosic waste materials can b...

Photocatalysis has been widely applied to solar-energy conversion and environmental purification. Photocatalyst, typically titanium dioxide (TiO(2)), produces active oxygen species under irradiation of ultraviolet light, and can decompose not only conventional pollutants but also different types of hazardous substances at mild conditions. We have recently started the study of photocatalytic dec...

Habitat equivalency analysis (HEA) was developed as a tool to scale mitigation or restoration when habitat is contaminated by hazardous substances or has been otherwise harmed by anthropogenic activities. Applying HEA involves balancing reductions in habitat quality against gains from restoration actions, and quantifying changes in habitat quality in terms of ecological services. We propose a f...

Identification and systematic assessment of hazardous wastes sites in low and middle-income countries has lagged. Hazardous waste problems are especially severe in lower income Asian countries where environmental regulations are non-existent, nonspecific or poorly enforced. In these countries extensive unregulated industrial development has created waste sites in densely populated urban areas. ...

Abstruct-Plasma-aided manufacturing is used for producing new materials with unusual and superior properties, for developing new chemical compounds and processes, for machining, and for altering and refining materials and surfaces. Plasmaaided manufacturing has direct applications to semiconductor fabrication, materials synthesis, welding, lighting, polymers, anticorrosion coatings, machine too...

Some microorganisms are equipped with enzymes that allow them to degrade, and even live on, chemicals that other species find toxic. For example, many bacteria in the genus Rhodococcus are able to break down polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB), an industrial chemical and environmental pollutant linked to cancer in humans. In a process called ‘bioremediation’, humans can use these micro-organisms to ...

In this article we demonstrate how a combination of enabling technologies such as flow synthesis, solid-supported reagents and scavenging resins utilised under fully automated software control can assist in typical medicinal chemistry programmes. In particular automated continuous flow methods have greatly assisted in the optimisation of reaction conditions and facilitated scale up operations i...

A variety of techniques for environmental remediation have been compiled and summarized. The paper is intended to provide an overview of remediation methods currently utilized at various hazardous waste sites. Specific examples of method application are given when possible and references for each technique are provided should more detailed information be desired. Remediation methods, categorize...