OBJECTIVE To examine whether postmenopausal women with diabetes experienced a higher incidence of hip fracture than women without diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A prospective cohort of 32,089 postmenopausal women residing in Iowa were surveyed by mail in 1986 and followed for 11 years. Diabetes status and other potential risk factors were assessed by questionnaires at baseline; inciden...

PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES To understand the role of patients' beliefs in pain management in a cancer population treated in a primary care setting. DESIGN Secondary analyses of data from the baseline phase of a randomized study. SETTING Eight of the largest primary care clinics in a managed care system. SAMPLE 342 patients with cancer who reported pain that would not dissipate on its own or when ...

In this article, we examine the socioecological determinantsdthe biological, geographic, and built environment factorsdthat influence risk for prediabetes and type 2 diabetes. A socioecological perspective looks beyond the individual to evaluate a multitude of influences, from the surrounding home, work, school, and community environments to social determinants and the influence of public polic...

BACKGROUND Twenty-six million U.S. adults have diabetes, and 79 million have prediabetes. A 2002 Diabetes Prevention Program research study proved the effectiveness of a lifestyle intervention that yielded a 58% reduction in conversion to type 2 diabetes. However, cost per participant was high, complicating efforts to scale up the program. PURPOSE UnitedHealth Group (UHG) and the YMCA of the ...

BACKGROUND Regular physical activity is known to be beneficial for people with type 2 diabetes. Nevertheless, most of the people who have diabetes lead a sedentary lifestyle. Smartphones create new possibilities for helping people to adhere to their physical activity goals through continuous monitoring and communication, coupled with personalized feedback. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was ...

a decade ago, sub-saharan africa accounted for 24% of the global disease burden but was served by only 4% of the global health workforce. the chronic shortage of medical doctors has led other health professionals especially nurses to perform the role of healthcare providers. these health workers have been variously named clinical officers, health officers, physician assistants, nurse practition...