Carp eggs were exposed immediately after fertilization to Cu concentrations of 0.3 and 0,8 (xmol/L at water pH 7.6 or pH 6.3. Mortality, the incidence of spina! cord deformation, heart rate, tail movements, hatching success, and whole-body content of K, Na, Mg, Ca, and Cu were determined over time. Light microscopical preparations of eggs (48 h after fertilization) and larvae (168 h after ferti...

Carp eggs were exposed immediately after fertilization to Cu concentrations of 0.3 and 0,8 (xmol/L at water pH 7.6 or pH 6.3. Mortality, the incidence of spina! cord deformation, heart rate, tail movements, hatching success, and whole-body content of K, Na, Mg, Ca, and Cu were determined over time. Light microscopical preparations of eggs (48 h after fertilization) and larvae (168 h after ferti...

Carp eggs were exposed immediately after fertilization to Cu concentrations of 0.3 and 0,8 (xmol/L at water pH 7.6 or pH 6.3. Mortality, the incidence of spina! cord deformation, heart rate, tail movements, hatching success, and whole-body content of K, Na, Mg, Ca, and Cu were determined over time. Light microscopical preparations of eggs (48 h after fertilization) and larvae (168 h after ferti...

The rate of hatching of Heterodera schachtii larvae was greatly increased by placing cysts in sieves enclosed by small disposable cups. An apparatus that permitted rapid storage of second-stage larvae at 10 C prolonged the viability of the larvae.

The Cyprinus carpio koi fish is a freshwater ornamental that excellent because it has beautiful and bright colour. This study aimed to determine the best substrate for attachment of C. eggs success rate hatching eggs. method used in this experimental with description analysis. treatments were 4 types substrates, P1 (raffia), P2 (brush), P3 (ijuk), P4 (Hydrilla). results obtained highest fungal ...

Understanding the causal mechanisms that determine recruitment success is critical to the effective conservation of wild fish populations. Although recruitment strength is likely determined during early life when mortality is greatest, few studies have documented age-specific mortality rates for fish during this period. We investigated age-specific mortality of individual cohorts of two species...

Exposure to olfactory cues during embryonic development can have long term impacts on birds and amphibians behaviour. Despite the vast literature on predator recognition and responses in fishes, few researchers have determined how fish embryos respond to predator cues. Here we exposed four-day-old rainbowfish (Melanotaenia duboulayi) embryos to cues emanating from a novel predator, a native pre...

Chicks from 0 to 61 days post-hatching were gently folded into the hatching position and placed in artificial glass eggs. Within 0 to 2 min they began to produce a behavior that qualitatively resembled normal hatching. Furthermore, quantitative analysis of electromyographic records showed that under these conditions the intralimb and interlimb leg motor output patterns produced during each hatc...