Two siblings with extrinsic duodenal obstruction caused by congenital peritoneal bands are reported. Attention is drawn to the unusual physical sign of halitosis as a presenting feature. It is suggested that this physical sign may be an indication for barium studies.

A 38-year-old tuberculous male Pakistani presented with halitosis and a cough especially marked when lying on his left side. Barium swallow demonstrated a fistula between oesophagus and left main bronchus. Anti-tuberculous therapy and repeated cauterization failed to close the fistula. Thoracotomy confirmed a congenital oesophago-bronchial fistula. Division and suture resulted in cure.

Purpose of Review The purpose of this study is to critically assess recent studies concerning the use of probiotics to control periodontal diseases, dental caries and halitosis (oral malodour). Recent Findings Clinical studies have shown that probiotics when allied to conventional periodontal treatment can ameliorate microbial dysbiosis and produce significant improvement in clinical indicato...