BACKGROUND The human body has simple and compound organs that obtain their nourishment through four humors. One of them is bile (yellow bile). According to Iranian traditional medicine (ITM), there are various kinds of natural medicines with their specific mechanisms of action affecting on bile in the human body. Hakim Aghili Shirazi (18th century), one of the great scholars in ITM field, intro...

abstract comparative advantage is an economic term which is used to compare potential and actual production capacity of a country in a given commodity with the rest of the world. therefore, researches in this field could have a dual approach. in one hand it could demonstrate country’s production capacity in the production of commodities that are not produced yet and in the other hand it can ill...

Background Studies have shown that Iran has a high rate of opiate abuse and the most prevalently used is opium. This study was aimed to evaluate risk factors in patients with acute opium intoxication who referred to Loghman Hakim Hospital, Tehran, Iran, in 2011. Methods A total number of 383 patients with acute opium overdose, who were referred to the Emergency Department of Loghman Hakim Hos...

to me by a medical student for examination of her blood and urine. She said she was now putting on weight but to me she appeared thin and pale. She has had three live births and one abortion. The first and the second children are now 22 and 20 years old respectively; the third was an abortion at the seventh month and the fourth died at the age of 7 years. This happened about 6 years ago. Soon a...

Recent publications on Old Testament wisdom literature perpetuate the theory of a ‘crisis in wisdom’ and leave unresolved the question of its provenance within Old Testament theology. Despite considerable diversity within the wisdom corpus, Proverbs, Ecclesiastes, and Job are in basic agreement regarding wisdom’s limitations and benefits, as well as regarding divine freedom and retribution. Thu...