A survey of invasive H. influenzae infections has been underway in six regions of England and Wales since September 1990. In the first year, there were 433 cases of which 362 (84%) were due to H. influenzae type b (Hib). The majority of Hib infections were in children aged less than 5 years; there being an annual incidence of 26.4/100,000 in this age group. Meningitis occurred in 56% of cases o...

BACKGROUND Diphtheria (D), tetanus (T), pertussis (P), hepatitis B (HepB), invasive Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) disease, and measles cause substantial global morbidity and mortality. METHODS This unique review highlights geographic differences in disease burden across certain countries in the African, Americas, Mediterranean, South-East Asian, and Western Pacific World Health Organiza...

BACKGROUND Chronic adenoid infection by β-lactam-resistant Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) and biofilm formation contribute to adenoid hyperplasia. Middle ear disease consequently remains a critical issue in the pediatric population. The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation of Hib biofilm formation with middle ear effusion with adenoid hyperplasia (MEE-AH) and with pediatric...

Vaccination of infants with conjugated Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) vaccines has been proven to reduce Hib meningitis by 95% and pneumoniae by 20%. The routine use of Hib vaccine is facilitated by the introduction of combination vaccines into the EPI (Expanded Plan of Immunization). The objective of this study was to compare the immunogenicity and reactogenicity of an extemporaneously mi...

Continued Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) carriage in rural Alaska contributes to the ongoing risk of invasive disease. Community-wide Hib carriage surveys were conducted in three villages in southwestern Alaska. Sixteen carriers and 32 age- and village-matched controls were enrolled and were vaccinated with Hib oligosaccharide-CRM(197) conjugate vaccine. Serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) concen...

In order to determine the incidence of Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) meningitis in Taiwan, we analyzed the National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD). We identified cases that were younger than 5 years old and diagnosed with Hib meningitis from the NHIRD in both 1997 and 2000. Sixteen and 8 children with Hib meningitis were identified in the NHIRD for 1997 and 2000, respectively....

guillain barre syndrome (gbs) is an inflammatory, usually demyelinating, polyneuropathy; clinically characterized by acute onset of symmetric progressive muscle weakness with loss of myotatic reflexes. thirty five patients with gbs, defined clinically according to the criteria of asbury and cornblath, were recruited from three hospital affiliated to tehran university of medical sciences.as a co...

Conjugate vaccines have reduced the incidence of invasive disease caused by Haemophilus influenzae, type b (Hib), in industrialized countries and may be highly effective against Streptococcus pneumoniae. However, the serotype specificity of these vaccines has led to concern that their use may increase carriage of and disease from serotypes not included in the vaccine. Replacement has not occurr...