background and aims. the aim of this clinical investigation was to compare clinical and microbiological effectiveness of adjunctive chx gel in the treatment of periodontitis. materials and methods. twenty-four subjects with localized or generalized moderate-to-severe chronic periodontitis underwent scaling and root planing. one tooth in each quadrant with a probing depth of >4 mm was chosen for...

plants are naturally exposed to frequent changes in environmental conditions such as salt stress affecting their growth and development, and consequently a considerable reduction in total productivity. monodehydroascorbate reductase (mdhar), a key enzyme in ascorbate-glutathione cycle, serves as an important antioxidative enzyme in scavenging of reactive oxygen spices (ros). in this study, mdha...

objective: in this study, a sybr green real-time rt-pcr assay for quantification of hiv-1 viral rna was developed. materials and methods: this assay was performed based on amplification of the pol region of hiv-1 and product analysis by an abi 7500 system. we quantified hiv-1 viral load in 26 seropositive patients by this system and the data were subsequently compared with results obtained wit...

the study of cytokines gene expression is quite important in various conditions of health and disease for the evaluation of clinical responses to new vaccination approaches. an absolute quantification is based on a calibration curve and production of standard controls to achieve more reliable results than in relative system. in this study we attempted to construct standard controls to evaluate ...

Escherichia coli (E. coli) O157:H7 was first recognized in 1982 after investigation of two cases of hemorrhagic colitis and hemolytic uremic syndrome. E. coli O157:H7 the shiga toxin producing strain of E. coli are most commonly involved in many outbreaks of human and animal diseases with low infectious dose. Human infections caused by E. coli O157:H7 are due to consumption of undercooked groun...

Real-time PCR continues to have a major impact across many disciplines of the biological sciences and this has been a driver to develop and improve existing instruments. From the first two commercial platforms introduced in the mid 1990s, there is now a choice in excess of a dozen instruments, which continues to increase. Advances include faster thermocycling times, higher throughput, flexibili...