Metabolomics aims to profile all small molecules that are present in biological samples such as biofluids, tissue extracts and culture media. Combining the data obtained with multivariate data analysis tools allows the exploration of changes induced by a biological treatment or changes resulting from phenotype. Recently, there has been a large increase in interest in using metabolomics in nutri...

It is well known that the electronic nose can be used to identify differences between human health and disease for a range of disorders. We present a pilot study to investigate if the electronic nose and a newer technology, FAIMS (Field Asymmetric Ion Mobility Spectrometry), can be used to identify and help inform the treatment pathway for patients receiving pelvic radiotherapy, which frequentl...

Each year Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) are responsible for 2.8 million acute illnesses around the world and > 250,000 cases in the US. Lowering the prevalence of this pathogen in animal reservoirs has the potential to reduce STEC outbreaks in humans by controlling its entrance into the food chain. However, factors that modulate the colonization and persistence of STEC in beef c...

Bacterial translocation as a direct cause of sepsis is an attractive hypothesis that presupposes that in specific situations bacteria cross the intestinal barrier, enter the systemic circulation, and cause a systemic inflammatory response syndrome. Critically ill children are at increased risk for bacterial translocation, particularly in the early postnatal age. Predisposing factors include int...

OBJECTIVE Probiotics and prebiotics that affect gut microflora balance and its associated enzyme activity may contribute to interindividual variation in isoflavone absorption after soy intake, possibly enhancing isoflavone bioavailability. This study examined the effects of the consumption of bioactive yogurt (a probiotic) or resistant starch (a known prebiotic) in combination with high soy int...

The action of gut microflora on the metabolism of chloramphenicol (CP) was studied in germfree (GF) and conventional (CV) rats after administration of single oral doses of tritiated CP. There were similarities in the metabolic pathways of CP in the GF and CV animals, i.e., rapid absorption, hepatic glucuroconjugation, and biliary excretion of the CP conjugate. CP, CP-oxamic acid, CP-alcohol, an...

Colonization of the gastrointestinal tract and composition of the microbiota may be influenced by components of the diet, including trace elements. To understand how selenium regulates the intestinal microflora, we used high-throughput sequencing to examine the composition of gut microbiota of mice maintained on selenium-deficient, selenium-sufficient, and selenium-enriched diets. The microbiot...

BACKGROUND Reversal of the progressive increase in frequency of atopic disease would be an important breakthrough for health care and wellbeing in western societies. In the hygiene hypothesis this increase is attributed to reduced microbial exposure in early life. Probiotics are cultures of potentially beneficial bacteria of the healthy gut microflora. We assessed the effect on atopic disease o...

The human gastrointestinal tract is estimated to contain about l O I 4 micro-organisms, most of them in the colon. These outnumber the host’s own body cells. Considering their vast potential metabolic activity, it is inconceivable that the microbial flora will not interact extensively with man’s diet and affect body metabolism significantly. Yet relatively few micro-organisms have been studied ...

Role of probiotics in regulation of immune system and development in microflora has begun to implicate in humans and animals. Inconsistent data exist regarding the effect of a single probiotic strain in malnutrate children. The aim of this study clinically proven Lactobacillus acidophilus strain LBKV-3 intended as probiotc for human was used to test its effect on modulation of immunoglobulin an...