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Sea water samples were collected from 32 stations in the southern part of the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman during winter of 1987. Surface water of the Persian Gulf exhibited wide range and higher values of salinity (37.15-43.95, mean 40.02%) compared with lower values and narrow range (36.58-36.95, mean 36.74%) in the Gulf of Oman. Surface salinity did not reflect any significant relations...

According to reliabilism, knowledge is basically true belief acquired through a reliable process. Many epistemologists have argued recently that reliabilism fails to accommodate our pre-systematic judgment that knowledge is more valuable than mere true belief. The paper pinpoints where this so-called swamping argument goes wrong. It is then argued that true beliefs that are reliably acquired ar...