Understanding the dynamics of muscle transcriptome during development and between breeds differing in muscle growth is necessary to uncover the complex mechanism underlying muscle development. Herein, we present the first transcriptome-wide longissimus dorsi muscle development research concerning Lantang (LT, obese) and Landrace (LR, lean) pig breeds during 10 time-points from 35 days-post-coit...

The relative risk for the development of malignancies following solid organ transplantation seems to be decreased in patients treated with the immunosuppressive agent mycophenolic acid (MPA). However, the molecular mechanisms of the antineoplastic effects of MPA are not completely understood. Here, we report that human endothelial cells and fibroblasts are highly sensitive to MPA treatment. We ...

The significant impact of microRNAs (miRNAs) on disease pathology is becoming increasingly evident. These small non-coding RNAs have the ability to post-transcriptionally silence the expression of thousands of genes. Therefore, dysregulation of even a single miRNA could confer a large polygenic effect. Schizophrenia is a genetically complex illness thought to involve multiple genes each contrib...

Protein kinase B (AKT) and glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK3β) are two protein kinases involved in dopaminergic signaling. Dopamine-associated neuropsychiatric illnesses such as schizophrenia and bipolar disorder seem to be characterized by impairments in the AKT/GSK3β network. Here, we sought evidence for the presence of molecular and functional changes in the AKT/GSK3β pathway using an es...

Platelets, which are derived from megakaryocytes, circulate in mammalian blood and play essential roles in hemostasis, angiogenesis, inflammation, and metastasis. Phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3Ks) are a conserved family of enzymes, each having both protein and lipid kinase activities. PI3K-mediated signaling affects platelet adhesion and aggregation. PI3Ks are activated downstream of several m...

This study aimed to identify miRNAs that may contribute to the pathogenesis of sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) by RNA-seq (RNA-sequencing).RNA was extracted from SSNHL patients and healthy volunteers, respectively. Sequencing was performed on HiSeq4000 platform. After filtering, clean reads were mapped to the human reference genome hg19. Differential expression analysis of miRNAs betw...

In rats with dihydrotestosterone (DHT)-induced polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), repeated low-frequency electrical stimulation of acupuncture needles restores whole-body insulin sensitivity measured by euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp. We hypothesized that electrical stimulation causing muscle contractions and manual stimulation causing needle sensation have different effects on insulin sensit...

The interaction of chondrocytes with the extracellular-matrix environment is mediated mainly by integrins. Ligated integrins are recruited to focal adhesions (FAs) together with scaffolding proteins and kinases, such as integrin-linked kinase (Ilk). Ilk binds the cytoplasmic domain of beta1-, beta2- and beta3-integrins and recruits adaptors and kinases, and is thought to stimulate downstream si...

NF-κB activation is a critical signaling event in the inflammatory response and has been implicated in a number of pathological lung diseases. To enable the assessment of NF-κB activity in the lungs, we transfected a luciferase based NF-κB reporter into the lungs of mice or into Raw264.7 cells in culture. The transfected mice showed specific luciferase expression in the pulmonary tissues. Using...

Clinical trials are in progress on AZD5363, an inhibitor of protein kinase B (AKT), to assess its effects on the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway. Cells treated with AKT inhibitors have been reported to activate alternative pathways in order to escape growth inhibition. AZD5363-sensitized Hs578T breast cancer cells displayed reduced levels of pho...