abstract governing was disorganized for years, when mongols attached to iran and it caused to clearing way for interference of mongols princes. dispatching of holaku to the west culminated in establishing iilkhanan government. holakus activities in destruction of abbaasis government and activities which shows his staying in iran, made force oulus juji to comparison against iilkhanis gover...

this study examines the impact of oil price shocks on the employment of selected oil-exporting and oil-importing countries. To this end, the annual data for the period 2000-2014 and the econometric models of Christiano and Fitzgerald Filter, Bakstr-King Filter have been used to calculate the oil price shocks and the panel data model is used to estimate the model and data analysis. The results o...

چکیده این پژوهش به بررسی ظرفیت و تلاش مالیاتی و ارتباط آن با درآمد نفتی 6 کشور منتخب عضو اوپک نظیر ایران، کویت، امارات متحده عربی، ونزوئلا، الجزایر و عربستان سعودی می‌پردازد. بررسی با استفاده از داده‌های پانل طی دوره‌ی 2008-1990 انجام شده است. متغیرهای تأثیرگذار بر ظرفیت مالیاتی شامل درآمد سرانه، باز بودن اقتصاد (مجموع صادرات و واردات به تولید ناخالص داخلی)، نسبت درآمد نفتی به تولید ناخالص داخ...

this study investigated the functions, types and frequencies of code switching in the teachers and students discourse in elt classrooms. to this end, the participants of this study including two groups of teachers and students were selected. the first group of participants were two efl teachers teaching general english courses (at two different levels of proficiency) in an institutional program...

testing plays a vital role in any language teaching program. it allows teachers and stakeholders, including program administrators, parents, admissions officers and prospective employers to be assured that the learners are progressing according to an accepted standard (douglas, 2010). the problems currently facing language testers have both practical and theoretical implications but the first i...

the purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationship between fear of negative evaluation (fne) and communication strategies (css) among iranian efl learners. it was aimed to examine the differences in the use of communication strategies between speakers with high or low degree of fear of negative evaluation. the current study was a case study consisting of 10 english learners at...

any change in the refractive index of a laser active medium can lead to serious degradation of beam quality, laser beam modes, laser performance and variation in the intensity distribution. alteration in the refractive index of laser active medium is especially notable in high power lasers. it is clear that in the laser beam production, the pumping agent induces a great amount of heat which...

چکیده این پژوهش به بررسی ظرفیت و تلاش مالیاتی و ارتباط آن با درآمد نفتی 6 کشور منتخب عضو اوپک نظیر ایران، کویت، امارات متحده عربی، ونزوئلا، الجزایر و عربستان سعودی می پردازد. بررسی با استفاده از داده های پانل طی دوره ی 2008-1990 انجام شده است. متغیرهای تأثیرگذار بر ظرفیت مالیاتی شامل درآمد سرانه، باز بودن اقتصاد (مجموع صادرات و واردات به تولید ناخالص داخلی)، نسبت درآمد نفتی به تولید ناخالص داخ...

this study aimed to investigate the effects of listening strategy training on iranian efl learners listening comprehension and use of such strategies. this work, employing an experimental methodology, was conducted among 60 adult efl learners from a language institute in isfahan, iran, as participants. the participants, who were selected based on the results of a placement test, were assigned t...