Many test series have been developed to assess dog temperament and aggressive behavior, but most of them have been criticized for their relatively low predictive validity or being too long, stressful, and/or problematic to carry out. We aimed to develop a short and effective series of tests that corresponds with (a) the dog's bite history, and (b) owner evaluation of the dog's aggressive tenden...

The females of many species mate with multiple males (polyandry; Birkhead & Møller 1998; Arnqvist & Nilsson 2000; Eberhard 2000; Jennions & Petrie 2000). However, polyandry is relatively rare among social hymenopteran insects (ants, some bees, and wasps; Strassmann 2001; Brown & Schmid-Hempel 2003; Kronauer et al. 2004). Nevertheless, polyandry has profound and far-reaching consequences on soci...

In the last few years there was an increasing interest in building companion robots that interact in a socially acceptable way with humans. In order to interact in a meaningful way a robot has to convey intentionality and emotions of some sort in order to increase believability. We suggest that human-robot interaction should be considered as a specific form of inter-specific interaction and tha...

The purpose of this study was to determine the charismatic leadership TGH Burhanuddin and his strategy in shaping Religious Culture at Darus Shiddiqien Islamic Boarding School, NW Mertak Paok. This uses a qualitative research type using phenomenological approach. Sources data primary sources secondary data. Collecting observation techniques, interviews, documentation. Data analysis through coll...

The purpose of this study is to analyze the translation greeting words in Indonesian Japanese, especially as a mark sociolect. resources used are novel Burung-Burung Manyar by Y.B Mangunwijaya and its translation, Arashi no Naka Manyaru Megumi Funachi. data identified much 176 but author only 48 data. theory from Harimurti Kridalaksana (1982) Sociolinguistic Sumarsono Paina Partana (2002). appr...