Plant growth and survival depends critically on photo assimilates. Pathogen infection leads to changes in carbohydrate metabolism of plants. In this study, we monitored changes in the carbohydrate metabolism in the grapevine inflorescence and leaves using Botrytis cinerea and Botrytis pseudo cinerea. Fluctuations in gas exchange were correlated with variations in chlorophyll a fluorescence. Dur...

The filamentous fungi Phaeoacremonium aleophilum (P.al, Teleomorph: Togninia minima) and Phaeomoniella chlamydospora (P.ch) are believed to be causal agents of wood symptoms associated with the Esca associated young vine decline. The occurrence of these diseases is dramatically increasing in vineyards all over the world whereas efficient therapeutic strategies are lacking. Both fungi occupy the...

Vulnerability to cavitation is a key variable defining the limits to drought resistance in woody plants (Kursar et al., 2009). This trait is typically assessed by a vulnerability curve, which can be generated by a range of methods, including dehydration (Sperry et al., 1988), air injection (Cochard et al., 1992), and centrifugation (Alder et al., 1997). Results from two recent papers suggest th...

The volatile compounds of wines made from three grape varieties (Monastrell, Cabernet Sauvignon and Syrah) using three pre-fermentation techniques (grape freezing, dry-ice and cold maceration) and a control treatment were measured. The different winemaking practices, which are intended to increase the aromatic properties of wines, produced results that depended on the variety concerned. For exa...

In order to elucidate the aroma components of wine produced in the Loess Plateau region of China, volatile compounds of young wines from Cabernet Sauvignon, Cabernet Gernischet and Chardonnay varieties grown in the new ecological region were investigated for the first time in this research. Among the volatile compounds analyzed by HS-SPME with GC-MS, a total of 45, 44 and 42 volatile compounds ...

The grapevine (Vitis vinifera) is widely cultivated for the production of wine and other commodities. Wine globally traded, with an annual market value approximately USD 4 billion in Portugal alone. However, climate change expected to profoundly alter regional temperature precipitation regimes across Iberian Peninsula and, thus, continental Portugal, potentially threatening impact viticulture. ...

In 2002, the maturity of grapevine was researched on the basis of sugar content, total titratable acidity and pH at seven locations with an undulating topography in four varieties 'Chardonnay', 'Riesling', 'Welschriesling' and 'Sauvignon'. All sampling points were geo-referenced simultaneously with DGPS for creating sugar maps. The significant relationship between the varying altitude above sea...

Ecologic studies of cancer screening examine cancer mortality rates in relation to use of population screening. These studies can be confounded by treatment patterns or influenced by choice of outcome and time horizon. Interpretation can be complicated by uncertainty about when mortality differences might be expected. The authors examined these issues in an ecologic analysis of prostate-specifi...

Between 1950 and 1980, China experienced the most rapid sustained increase in life expectancy of any population in documented global history. We know of no study that has quantitatively assessed the relative importance of the various explanations proposed for this gain in survival. We have created and analysed a new, province-level panel data set spanning the decades between 1950 and 1980 by co...

Many woody crop plants such as grapevine are traditionally grown with scion varieties grafted onto rootstocks. The selection of an appropriate rootstock provides a powerful tool to manage the growth and fruiting of the scion (Jones, 2012). In the grapevine propagation, the use of rootstocks is not a new matter. The evidence of the use of rootstocks can be found out even in works written by the ...