BACKGROUND Granuloma annulare is a granulomatous disease of unknown etiology. Various therapies have been tried in disseminated granuloma annulare (DGA), including corticosteroids, several variants of psoralen plus ultraviolet-A radiation, ultraviolet- A1 radiation, systemic retinoids, and dapsone, with variable success. We report a patient with recalcitrant DGA who was treated with fumaric aci...

Granuloma annulare (GA) is frequently associated with diabetes mellitus, malignant diseases and infectious diseases. 1 A recent study has shown that GA may be observed concurrently with autoimmune disease, including systemic sclerosis and dermatomyositis. 2 Herein, we describe a patient with the rare coexistence of granuloma annulare and chronic spontaneous urticaria. A 59-year old woman presen...

Perforating granuloma annulare (PGA) is a rare subtype of GA. It is characterized by crops of erythematous umblicated or scaly papules. Plaques, pustule-like lesions and scars may also be seen. It can be localized or generalized.Transepithelial elimination of mucinous, degenerating collagen fibers and surrounding palisading lymphohistiocytic granulomas, are important hi...

OBJECTIVE Investigation of the efficacy of ultraviolet (UV) A1 phototherapy on atopic eczema, scleroderma, granuloma annulare, urticaria pigmentosa, prurigo nodularis, lichen sclerosus et atrophicus, T-cell lymphoma, keratosis lichenoides chronica, chronic urticaria and some rare, sclerosing skin diseases. METHODS The data of 230 patients treated with low-dose, medium-dose and high-dose UVA1 ...