Although classically associated with myelopoiesis, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is increasingly recognized as being important for tuberculosis (TB) resistance. GM-CSF is expressed by nonhematopoietic and hematopoietic lineages following infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis and is necessary to restrict M. tuberculosis growth in experimental models. Until the rec...

Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor enhanced the efficacy of liposomal amphotericin B (LAMB) in a murine model of disseminated infection by Rhizopus oryzae, significantly prolonging survival and reducing tissue burden. The use of gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) alone was ineffective, and IFN-gamma combined with LAMB did not improve the results obtained with LAMB alone.

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the clinical therapeutic effect of the combined application of alginate and recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (rhGM-CSF) on the healing of refractory chronic skin ulcers. A single center, three arm, randomized study was performed at Jinan Central Hospital (Jinan, Shandong, China). A total of 60 patients with refractor...

The haemopoietic cytokines, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, interleukin-3 and interleukin-5 bind to cell-surface receptors comprising ligand-specific alpha-chains and a shared beta-chain. The beta-chain is the critical signalling subunit of the receptor and its fourth domain not only plays a critical role in interactions with ligands, hence in receptor activation, but also con...

The high-affinity human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) receptor (GMR) consists of an alpha (GMRalpha) and a common beta (betac) subunit. The intracellular domain of betac has been extensively characterized and has been shown to be critical for the activation of both the JAK/STAT and MAP kinase pathways. The function of the intracellular domain of GMRalpha, however, is...

WEHI-274.3 is a cell line isolated from an in vivo-derived, murine myelomonocytic leukemia. Although the survival and growth of WEHI-274.3 cells in vitro is absolutely dependent on the addition of exogenous growth factors such as interleukin-3 (IL-3), granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), or colony-stimulating factor-I, when injected into syngeneic mice the cell line is tum...

We have studied the export of two human proteins in the course of their production in Escherichia coli. The coding sequences of the granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and of interleukin 13 were fused to those of two synthetic signal sequences to direct the human proteins to the bacterial periplasm. We found that the total amount of protein varies with the signal peptide-cytokine c...

A comparison of this case to previously published reports suggests that granulocyte colony-stimulating factor may be associated with improved prognosis in severe antithyroid drug-induced neutropenia, and that weight-based doses could be an appropriate strategy.

Crystals of recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor have been grown from solutions of polyethylene glycol 8000. The crystals are orthorhombic, space group P2(1)2(1)2(1); the axes are a = 45.5(1), b = 58.7(1) and c = 127.3(1) A. The crystals are stable to x-rays for at least 3 days and diffract beyond 2.8-A resolution. Although the molecule exists as a monomer in solut...