A word-by-word human sentence processing complexity metric is presented. This metric formalizes the intuition that comprehenders have more trouble on words contributing larger amounts of information about the syntactic structure of the sentence as a whole. The formalization is in terms of the conditional entropy of grammatical continuations, given the words that have been heard so far. To calcu...

We revisit morpheme studies to evaluate the long-standing claim for a universal order of acquisition. We investigate the L2 acquisition order of six English grammatical morphemes by learners from seven L1 groups across five proficiency levels. Data are drawn from approximately 10,000 written exam scripts from the Cambridge Learner Corpus. The study establishes clear L1 influence on the absolute...

A word-by-word human sentence processing complexity metric is presented. This metric formalizes the intuition that comprehenders have more trouble on words contributing larger amounts of information about the syntactic structure of the sentence as a whole. The formalization is in terms of the conditional entropy of grammatical continuations, given the words that have been heard so far. To calcu...

Phrase-based statistical machine translation systems can generate translations of reasonable quality in the case of language pairs with similar structure and word order. However, if the languages are more distant from a grammatical point of view, the quality of translations is much behind the expectations, since the baseline translation system cannot cope with long distance reordering of words ...

We present algorithms for identifying Hindi Noun Groups and Verb Groups in a given text by using morphotactical constraints and sequencing that apply to the constituents of these groups. We provide a detailed repertoire of the grammatical categories and their markers and an account of their arrangement. The main motivation behind this work on word group identification is to improve the Hindi PO...

This study was an attempt to investigate the developmental rate of fluency, accuracy and complexity among 12 EFL learners within the framework of chaos complexity theory. To carry out this study, 6 female and 6 male participants in two levels of proficiency (pre-and upper-intermediate) were put in two classes taught by the same teacher and following the same course. Every two months (for a peri...

Despite the recent advances in the field of machine translation (MT), MT systems cannot guarantee that the sentences they produce will be fluent and coherent in both syntax and semantics. Detecting and highlighting errors in machine-translated sentences can help post-editors to focus on the erroneous fragments that need to be corrected. This paper presents two methods for detecting grammatical ...

Traditionally, information retrieval examines the search query in isolation: a query is used to retrieve documents, and the relevance of the documents returned is evaluated in relation to that query. The query itself is assumed to consist of a bag of words, without any grammatical structure. However, queries can also be shown to exhibit grammatical structure, often consisting of telegraphic nou...

We present an information extraction system for patient records which has been submitted to the ShARe/CLEF eHealth Evaluation Lab 2014 Task 2. The task was information extraction from clinical text in terms of a disease/disorder template filling process. The system uses a lexicalized parser to annotate grammatical relations between diseases, disorders, and other constituents on a sentence level...

Numerous distributional cues in the child's environment may potentially assist in language learning, but what cues are useful to the child and when are these cues utilised? We propose that the most useful source of distributional cue is a flexible frame surrounding the word, where the language learner integrates information from the preceding and the succeeding word for grammatical categorisati...