The hysteric magnetization curves of transport and grain currents are measured for a ring shaped sample by applying an a.c. magnetic field and using pickup coils. The dependence of the magnetization curves on the amplitude of the applied a.c. magnetic field can be explained by a simple model. This model takes into account the time dependence of the transport and the intra-grain current. We will...

Using computer simulations we explore how grain boundaries can be removed from three-dimensional colloidal crystals by doping with a small fraction of active colloids. We show that for sufficient self-propulsion, the system is driven into a crystal-fluid coexistence. In this phase separated regime, the active dopants become mobile and spontaneously gather at the grain boundaries. The resulting ...

A functional explanation for the regulation of grain nitrogen (N) accumulation in cereal by environmental and genetic factors remains elusive. Here, new mechanistic hypotheses of grain N accumulation are proposed and tested for wheat (Triticum aestivum). First, we tested experimentally the hypothesis that grain N accumulation is mostly source regulated. Four contrasting cultivars, in terms of t...

Zinc (Zn) deficiency caused by inadequate dietary intake is a global nutritional problem, particularly in developing countries. Therefore, zinc biofortification of wheat and other cereal crops is being urgently addressed and highly prioritized as a research topic. A field study was planned to evaluate the influence of zinc application on grain yield, grain zinc content, and grain phytic acid co...

The paper examines the relationship between China's grain trade and domestic grain economy through an institutional perspective. It reveals that China's grain imports have been primarily necessitated by filling the physical gap between domestic grain demand and supply. Due to the special institutional background under which the domestic grain economy segmented into two relatively independent pa...

We have developed a numerical model to investigate the importance of diffusive chemical fractionation during production and transport of melt in Earth’s upper mantle. The model incorporates new experimental data on the diffusion rates of rare earth elements (REE) in high-Ca pyroxene [Van Orman et al., Contrib. Mineral. Petrol. 141 (2001) 687^703] and pyrope garnet [Van Orman et al., Contrib. Mi...

Enhancing the accuracy of an approximate cost estimate is a critical issue since the estimate ordinarily predicts the total cost of a project with insufficient project information. In order to facilitate the approximate cost estimate process, this paper proposes a computer-based integrated system that enables the flexibility to varying amount and accuracy of available information, higher accura...

in this paper, we will review the foreign exchange market and will try to extract an exchange market pressure and an intervention index for iran by following the weymark (1995) approach to evaluate the central bank of iran’s exchange rate policy during 1368:q1 to 1391:q3. the estimation method employed, is the econometric technique known in the literature as the two-stage least squares (2sls).t...

Orientation imaging microscopy has been used to investigate the effects of Nb doping on the grain boundary plane distributions in TiO2 (rutile). By comparing the grain boundary plane distribution of the undoped material with theoretical estimates of grain boundary energy anisotropy of pure rutile, it is possible to show that the frequency of grain boundary planes is inversely correlated with gr...

Experiments were performed to observe the effects of processing and composition on the grain boundary character distribution (GBCD) of SrTiO3, MgO, and Ni. Anisotropic interfacial energies and, in the case of nickel, crystallographic constraints, are expected to influence the evolution of the GBCD during processing. Interrupted grain growth experiments were performed with SrTiO3 to observe the ...