Solar sails with the capability of generating a tangential radiation pressure at sun-pointing attitude, such as refractive can provide more efficient methods for attitude and orbital control sailcraft. This paper presents concept gradient-index sail an advanced class sail, which operates by guiding solar through structure made graded index material. The design sail's distribution is performed t...

Salinity is a leading threat to crop growth throughout the world. Salt stress induces altered physiological processes and several inhibitory effects on of cereals, including wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). In this study, we determined salinity five spring winter genotypes seedlings. We evaluated salt root shoot attributes, i.e., length (RL), (SL), relative rate (RGR-RL), (RGR-SL). The ionic conte...

Let r = SL(n, Il) or any subgroup of finite index. Then the action of r on Tn by automorphisms is infinitesimally rigid for n ;::: 7, i.e., the cohomology H I (r, Vec(Tn)) = 0 , where Vec(Tn) denotes the module of COO vector fields on Tn .

Stomatal characteristics are used as proxies of paleo-environment. Only a few model species have been used to study the mechanisms of genetic and environmental effects on stomatal initiation. Variation among species has not been quantified. In this paper, results from an in situ reciprocal transplant experiment along an elevation gradient in the northeast Tibetan Plateau are reported, in which ...

BACKGROUND Epidemiological data have shown long-term health adversity in low birth weight subjects, especially concerning the metabolic syndrome and 'diabesity' risk. Alterations in adult food intake have been suggested to be causally involved. Responsible mechanisms remain unclear. METHODS AND FINDINGS By rearing in normal (NL) vs. small litters (SL), small-for-gestational-age (SGA) rats wer...