The relative status of women is poor in the developing world, compared to developed countries. Increases in per capita income lead to improvements in different measures of gender equality, suggesting that there may be market failures hindering investment in girls in developing countries, and that these are typically overcome as development proceeds. Gender inequality in education and health can...

OBJECTIVE To assess the association between number of embryos transferred and a measure of assisted reproductive technology success that emphasizes good perinatal outcome. METHODS We analyzed assisted reproductive technology cycles initiated in 2011 that progressed to fresh embryo transfer among women using autologous oocytes and reported to the U.S. National Assisted Reproductive Technology ...

Asymptotically-Tight Bounds on the Number of Cycles in Generalized de Bruijn-Good Graphs Ueli M. Maurer Institute for Signal and Information Processing Swiss Federal Institute of Technology CH-8092 Z urich, Switzerland Abstract. The number of cycles of length k that can be generated by q-ary n-stage feedback shift-registers is studied. This problem is equivalent to nding the number of cycles o...

Using a new method to extract the data from various one-dimensional chaotic maps, we show that there is a nice correlation between the sign of the Lyapunov exponent of the maps and whether the extracted data form a good set of pseudo-random numbers using various well-known criteria.  2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. PACS: 05.45.+b; 05.40.+j; 02.50.sk; 02.60.-x

When starting a new collaborative endeavor, it pays to establish upfront how strongly your partner commits to the common goal and what compensation can be expected in case the collaboration is violated. Diverse examples in biological and social contexts have demonstrated the pervasiveness of making prior agreements on posterior compensations, suggesting that this behavior could have been shaped...

Consider the following heuristic for planar Euclidean instances of the traveling salesman problem (TSP): select a subset of the edges which induces a planar graph, and solve either the TSP or its graphical relaxation on that graph. In this paper, we give several motivations for considering this heuristic, along with extensive computational results. It turns out that the Delaunay and greedy tria...