Non-fuel marine minerals are reviewed from the perspective of resources and their value as active analogs that can advance understanding of types of ancient ore deposits that formed in marine settings. The theory of plate tectonics is the largest influence in expanding our vision ofmarineminerals and in developing our understanding of geologic controls ofmineralization in space and time. Prior ...

Metastases to the stomach are rare. They are commonly asymptomatic, and the diagnosis is usually established during autopsy. We present a patient known to have stage IV lung adenocarcinoma who presented with melena and shock. Endoscopy revealed multiple gastric nodules, which were proved to be metastatic deposits from her lung cancer. The possibility of gastric metastases should be kept in mind...

Ore-reserve estimations of deposits with low mineral concentrations, such as those of copper, gold and tin, are usually made on the assumption that the grades follow a lognormal distribution. Multiple mineralization or reworking of a deposit may have modified the simple distribution expected — producing an overall distribution of grades which can be adequately described by a mixture of lognorma...