Loomis & Lipmann (1948) showed that low concentrations of 2:4-dinitrophenol (DNP) reversibly uncouple the phosphorylation associated with the oxidation of glutamate. This supported the hypothesis that agents such as DNP, which prevent the use of the energy provided by respiration and glycolysis, do so by inhibiting the formation of highenergy phosphate bonds (Lardy & Elvehjem, 1945; McElroy, 19...

Abnormal cellular energetics has emerged as a hallmark of cancer cells. Deregulating aerobic glycolysis can alter multiple metabolic and signaling pathways in cancer cells, and trigger unlimited growth and proliferation. Accumulating evidence suggests that elevated levels of protein modification with β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAcylation) along with dysregulation of O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) ...

OBJECTIVES The Warburg effect, a switch from aerobic energy production to anaerobic glycolysis, promotes tumour proliferation and motility by inducing acidification of the tumour microenvironment. Therapies that reduce acidity could impair tumour growth and invasiveness. I analysed the dynamics of cell proliferation and of resistance to therapies that target acidity, in a population of cells, u...

Pale, soft, and exudative (PSE) pork is primarily caused by an accelerated rate of postmortem glycolysis resulting in low muscle pH while carcass temperature remains high, thus causing protein denaturation. Numerous factors influence the rate of postmortem metabolism and may be responsible for the rapid pH decline characteristic of PSE pork during the 1st h postmortem. Release of high levels of...

The rate of anaerobic glycolysis of brain tissue was compared for normal animals and animals with experimentally induced poliomyelitis, using two different strains of mice and two different procedures. The report of interference of poliomyelitis with anaerobic glycolysis of brain was not confirmed. In one series there was a small increase and in the other series a small decrease in the brain Q(...

Rapidly proliferating cells switch from oxidative phosphorylation to aerobic glycolysis plus glutaminolysis, markedly increasing glucose and glutamine catabolism. Although Otto Warburg first described aerobic glycolysis in cancer cells >90 years ago, the primary purpose of this metabolic switch remains controversial. The hexosamine biosynthetic pathway requires glucose and glutamine for de novo...

Increasing evidence suggests the important role of metabolic reprogramming in the regulation of the innate inflammatory response, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Here we provide evidence to support a novel role for the pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2)-mediated Warburg effect, namely aerobic glycolysis, in the regulation of high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) release. PKM2 interacts with hy...