Solar energy, as a clean and renewable resource is becoming increasingly important in the global context of climate change and energy crisis. Utilization of solar energy in urban areas is of great importance in urban energy planning, environmental conservation, and sustainable development. However, available spaces for solar panel installation in cities are quite limited except for building roo...

A new radiometric term named as usable solar radiation (USR) is defined to represent the spectrally integrated solar irradiance in the spectral window of 400–560 nm. Through numerical simulations of optically deep waters covering a wide range of optical properties, it is found that the diffuse attenuation coefficient of downwelling USR, Kd(USR), is nearly a constant vertically for almost all oc...

BACKGROUND Malignant neoplasm of the pancreas has become one of the leading causes of death from malignant neoplasm in Japan (the 5th in 2003). Although smoking is believed to be a risk factor, other risk factors remain unclear. Mortality from malignant neoplasm of the pancreas tends to be higher in northern Japan and in northern European countries. A recent study reported that standardized mor...

Accurately computing solar irradiance on external facades is a prerequisite for reliably predicting thermal behavior and cooling loads of buildings. Validation of radiation models and algorithms implemented in building energy simulation codes is an essential endeavor for evaluating solar gain models. Seven solar radiation models implemented in four building energy simulation codes were investig...

Energy yield assessment of photovoltaic systems is inherently non-linear. The calculation chain starts with simulation of solar radiation, where many factors are considered: sun’s position, terrain, properties of the atmosphere and cloudiness to determine the absolute value of global irradiance and the ratio of diffuse and direct components. The ratio of direct and diffuse components influences...

0306-2619/$ see front matter 2011 Elsevier Ltd A doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2011.01.018 ⇑ Corresponding author. E-mail address: [email protected] (J. Qin). Global solar radiation (GSR) is required in a large number of fields. Many parameterization schemes are developed to estimate it using routinely measured meteorological variables, since GSR is directly measured at a limited number of station...

Based on the reported literature and commonly used metrics in realm of solar forecasting, a new methodology is developed for estimating metric called forecastability (F). It reveals extent to which radiation time series can be forecasted provides crucial context judging inherent difficulty associated with particular forecast situation. Unlike score given by standard smart persistence model, F b...

Considering that the effective yield of a panel is equal to its total number of hours of solar radiation and temperature, only the effects of temperature and solar radiation intensity at the maximum power point (MPP) are investigated in this article. By collecting temperature data, sun's radiation hours from six synoptic meteorological stations in Kermanshah Province over the course of an e...