The aim of this chapter is to introduce Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) governance as a paradigm to integrate Healthcare Information Systems (HIS) and e-health services. Healthcare professionals, patients, policymakers, and business partners increasingly require the utilization and enhancement of e-health services at a global scale. However, traditional approaches to integrate services in H...

This paper critically examines and explains the increasingly influential idea of ‘global governance’. After outlining the evolving intentional order and the new actors that are prominent part of contemporary governance structures, I assess the implication of these developments for the state.

The World Health Organization (WHO) Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) is a unique global health instrument, since it is in the health field the only instrument that is international law. After the 10 years of its existence an Independent Expert Group assessed the impact of the FCTC using all available data and visiting a number of countries interviewing different stakeholders. It i...

In this report we assess who pays for cooperation in global health through an analysis of the financial flows of WHO, the World Bank, the Global Fund to Fight HIV/AIDS, TB and Malaria, and Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance. The past few decades have seen the consolidation of influence in the disproportionate roles the USA, UK, and the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation have had in financing three of thes...

BACKGROUND The introduction of renewable jet fuel (RJF) is considered an important emission mitigation measure for the aviation industry. This study compares the well-to-wake (WtWa) greenhouse gas (GHG) emission performance of multiple RJF conversion pathways and explores the impact of different co-product allocation methods. The insights obtained in this study are of particular importance if R...

GHG emission reduction is one of the key environmental problems for the sustainable development discussion in the 21st century, because it is closely related to energy use and bulk material flows. Concrete and binding targets for reduction of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions for Annex-1 countries are now agreed to in the Kyoto protocol. Emissions in the European Union will be reduced by 8% in the...

The year 2015 will bring key milestones in two areas related to global energy policies and governance: sustainable development and climate change. The current United Nations (UN) sustainable development framework, the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), will terminate in 2015 and a new programme will start based on a new set of ‘Sustainable Development Goals’. The Ad Hoc Working Group on the D...

Biofuels have gained increasing attention as an alternative to fossil fuels for several reasons, one of which is their potential to reduce the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from the transportation sector. Recent studies have questioned the validity of claims about the potential of biofuels to reduce GHG emissions relative to the liquid fossil fuels they are replacing when emissions owing to di...