We describe an angularly asymmetric interface-scattering mechanism which allows to spatially separate the electrons in the two low-energy valleys of bilayer graphene. The effect occurs at electrostatically defined interfaces separating regions of different pseudospin polarization, and is associated with the helical winding of the pseudospin vector across the interface, which breaks the reflecti...

2014 For a mean field ferromagnet, we calculate as a function of temperature the probability that two configurations submitted to the same thermal noise fall into opposite valleys. For a system of N spins, we show that the time for two configurations to meet increases like log N when the two configurations belong to the same valley and exponentially with N when the two configurations belong to ...

We review selected known results on partially ordered patterns (POPs) that include co-unimodal, multiand shuffle patterns, peaks and valleys ((modified) maxima and minima) in permutations, the Horse permutations and others. We provide several (new) results on a class of POPs built on an arbitrary flat poset, obtaining, as corollaries, the bivariate generating function for the distribution of pe...

We control the linear polarization of emission from the coherently emitting K^{+} and K^{-} valleys (valley coherence) in monolayer WS_{2} with an out-of-plane magnetic field of up to 25 T. The magnetic-field-induced valley Zeeman splitting causes a rotation of the emission polarization with respect to the excitation by up to 35° and reduces the polarization degree by up to 16%. We explain both...

A newly discovered Konservat-Lagerstätte from the Middle Miocene of the western Olympus Range, Dry Valleys, Antarctica, yields cypridoidean ostracods complete with preserved body and appendages. This is the first record of three-dimensionally fossilized animal soft tissues from the continent. The ostracods are preserved in goethite, secondary after pyrite, representing a novel mode of exception...

The Sierra Nevada’s biological distinction and diversity are almost as legendary as its spectacular peaks and beautiful granite landscapes. The Sierra Nevada is recognized as a zoogeographic region on the basis of the coincidence of species ranges (for example, Udvardy 1969, 1975; Welsh 1994). Udvardy (1969) defined the Sierra Nevada bioregion as bounded by the Great Basin to the north and east...

valleys are marked in blue. FLUVIAL VALLEYS ON TITAN – A GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE. M. Langhans, R. Jaumann, K. Stephan, R. H. Brown, B. J. Buratti, R. Clark, K. H. Baines, P. D. Nicholson and R. D. Lorenz. DLR, Institute of Planetary Research, Berlin, Germany, Dept. of Earth Sciences, Inst. of Geosciences, Freie Universität Berlin, Germany, Lunar and Planetary Laboratory, University of Arizona, Tucso...

This paper presents a new method of line drawing based on the hypothesis that artists draw the lines that decompose the object into parts, and the lines that help convey the shapes of the parts. But they draw these lines differently depending on the viewpoint. Contours are the most obvious part-decomposing lines. Valley lines, which typically delimit convex parts, are also part-decomposing line...

An approach to extract watersheds and watercourses, as well as their corresponding valleys and hills, from images with subpixel precision is proposed. The critical points of the terrain are essential as the starting points for the construction of these separatrices. They are extracted efficiently with subpixel precision using an approach based on derivatives of Gaussian filters. The separatrice...