§ Laboratoire GCR-CNRS URA 769 Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Tour 22, Boite 142 4, Place Jussieu, 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France ¶ Instituto de Fisica, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de México Apartado Postal 20-364, 01000 México DF, México (February 1, 2008) We give in this letter a set of general rules which allow the prediction of the value of the glass transition temperature Tg in network ...

The chiral glass behaviour of the nearest-neighbour random-bond XY spin glass in four dimensions is studied by Monte Carlo simulations. A chiral glass transition at T cg = 0.90 ± 0.05 is found by a finite-size scaling analysis of the results. The associated chiral correlation-length exponent is estimated to be ν cg = 0.6 ± 0.1 and η cg ∼ 0.25. The values for the chiral critical temperature and ...

The antiferromagnetic Ising model in small-world networks generated from two-dimensional regular lattices has been studied. The disorder introduced by long-range connections causes frustration, which gives rise to a spin-glass phase at low temperature. Monte Carlo simulations have been carried out to study the paramagnetic to spin-glass transition, as a function of the rewiring probability p , ...

Low-temperature properties of crystalline solids can be understood using harmonic perturbations around a perfect lattice, as in Debye's theory. Low-temperature properties of amorphous solids, however, strongly depart from such descriptions, displaying enhanced transport, activated slow dynamics across energy barriers, excess vibrational modes with respect to Debye's theory (i.e., a boson peak),...

We employ positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS) to measure the temperature dependent fluctuations in a local free volume of water confined in a variety of mesoporous materials with different pore sizes and morphologies. We demonstrate that this unconventional approach can be used to probe the dynamics and glass transition temperature, Tg, of water in confinement. In the simplest ca...

The "dynamic" or "glass" transition in biomolecules is as important to their functioning as the folding process. This transition occurs in the low temperature regime and has been related to the onset of biochemical activity that is dependent on the hydration level. This protein transition is believed to be triggered by the strong hydrogen bond coupling in the hydration water. We study the vibra...

Functional energy storage and return prosthetic and orthotic devices have been manufactured out of Nylon 11 using selective laser sintering due to its high ductility and energy return properties. However, there is concern that material voids caused by incomplete sintering may compromise material properties and lead to premature fracture. Post-build annealing has the potential to eliminate voids...

Viscosity and enthalpy relaxation from the amorphous state into the supercooled liquid state was investigated in the bulk metallic glass forming Zr46.75Ti8.25Cu7.5Ni10Be27.5 alloy below the calorimetric glass transition. At different temperatures, the viscosities relax into states that obey the same Vogel–Fulcher–Tammann relation as the data obtained at higher temperatures in the supercooled li...

There is a growing belief that the mode coupling theory is the proper microscopic theory for the dynamics of the undercooled liquid above and around a critical temperature T c. In addition, there is some evidence that the system leaves the saddlepoints of the energy landscape to settle in the valleys at this critical temperature. Finally, there is a microscopic theory for the entropy at the cal...

There is a growing belief that the mode coupling theory is the proper microscopic theory for the dynamics of the undercooled liquid above a critical temperature T c. In addition, there is some evidence that the system leaves the saddlepoints of the energy landscape to settle in the valleys at this critical temperature. Finally, there is a microscopic theory for the entropy at the calorimetric g...