abstract man has a social life and during his life he establishes the most important social institution which is known as a family. this social institution, the family, evokes the architecture of a house. the formation of the house as a family behavioral setting is related to the social behavior, also culture and ethics of the members of the family. more than 90% of the buildings in most tradit...

a comparative study of the corresponding styles of western and iranian modern architecture has hardly ever been carried out in detail. this paper aims to sketch out an outline for such an investigation and to present a summary of empirical evidence accompanied by field observations to elaborate the ongoing trend of relationship between architectural styles in iran and that of the west. this is ...

Rural poultry farming is common in the Northern provinces. Similar to commercial poultry, rural poultry is susceptible to most infectious diseases. In addition, by increasing the density of poultry farming, the probability of disease incidences has been increased. Newcastle disease is the most highly infectious disease which is endemic in Iran and causes outbreaks among commercial and rural pou...

constructed upon a height (by footing) or breaking in to the ground, in a building, making a close relation between earth and soil is of great importance. in addition, earth as a prior factor in creation of a shade and residence, plays a crucial role in architecture history. throughout the different area, earth is paid attention differently: as a source of cool (in china), a source of heat (cap...

traditional persian architects used to employ the facade ornaments to illustrate cultural values and heritage. moreover, their approach for the adaptation of decorations to structural constructional requirements of buildings, called tectonics, could be considered as a cultural-artistic character itself. although these features were omitted when modernism and its independent facade principle pre...

From 60 decade  sustainability issues  and sustainable developing  have opened a way in scientific meetings associated with  environment and urbanization and architecture. Sustainability goals are improving of environment situation , less pollution  and at least interference on  land and interaction of  natural and artificial environment , that most of these cases attracted attention in archite...

This study is designed to determine the contamination degree of hospital water supplies with Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Legionella pneumophila, and E. coli in Gilan, Iran. Samples were collected directly into sterile containers and concentrated by centrifuge. Half part of any sample transferred to yeast extract broth and the second part transferred to Trypticase Soy Broth and incubated for 3 days....