Iran is located in a hot and dry region. As a result of low precipitation and a vast area of salty and alkali soil, osmotic pressure is very high in most parts of the country (i.e., osmotic potential is more negative). In the present study four levels of osmotic pressure (-0.25, -0.35, -0.45, -0.50 MPa) were created artificially, by polyethylene glycol (PEG) and treatment of three seed types, n...

Plants produce a vast array of natural products that mediate their interaction with the environment. Artemisinin is important sesquiterpene lactones, mostly isolated from the Artemisia annua plant, has a wide range of biological activities, including insecticidal, antibacterial and antifungal, antifeedants, and allelopathic properties. Flavonoids (rutin) have attracted attention, primarily as n...

BACKGROUND Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) is a significant nosocomial infection worldwide, that recurs in as many as 35% of infections. Risk of CDI recurrence varies by ribotype, which also vary in sporulation and germination rates. Whether sporulation/germination mediate risk of recurrence and effectiveness of treatment of recurring CDI remains unclear. We aim to assess the role of spor...

Nitric oxide (NO) plays important roles in plant development, and biotic and abiotic stress responses. In a recent study, we showed that endogenous NO negatively regulates abscisic acid (ABA) signaling in guard cells by inhibiting sucrose nonfermenting 1 (SNF1)-related protein kinase 2.6 (SnRK2.6)/open stomata 1(OST1) through S-nitrosylation. Application of NO breaks seed dormancy and alleviate...

The effect of cadmium chloride concentrations (25.50, 75, and 100 mg/kg soil), seeds pre-irradiated by low doses of gamma rays (15, 30, 45, and 60 Gy), potassium chloride (60 mg/kg soil) and the combination of cadmium + gamma and cadmium + potassium on Brassica rapa germination, oxidative stress and antioxidant system were investigated under laboratory and greenhouse conditions. Germination per...

in conventional agricultural systems application of fungicide and pesticides for seed treatment had been extended in wide range. this study was conducted to evaluate the effects of seed treatment on seed vigor indices on back cross roshan of wheat cultivar in vitro status during 2007. the experiment was done in a completely randomized factorial design with eight replications. treatment were inc...

Spore-forming bacteria are a special problem for the food industry as some of them are able to survive preservation processes. Bacillus spp. spores can remain in a dormant, stress resistant state for a long period of time. Vegetative cells are formed by germination of spores followed by a more extended outgrowth phase. Spore germination and outgrowth progression are often very heterogeneous and...

present study was conducted to investigate the effects of different osmotic potentials (0.0 mpa, -0.4 mpa, -0.8 mpa and -1.2mpa) induced by nacl and polyethylene glycol-6000(peg) as salinity and drought stress respectively on germination and early growth of two inbred lines of maize (mo17 and b73). the objective was to compare the germination ability between tow maize inbred lines in salt and d...

The present study was conducted at Genetics Department, Hazara University Garden Campus and during 2008-09 as a part of PhD study. Seed dormancy breaking, germination tests of 2 wild speciesi.e., O. longistaminata and O. rufipogon and 3 local cultivated rice varieties/ germplasm i.e., Swat-1, F. Malakand and JP-5 were conducted under different treatments. Hulled seeds were exposed to: constant ...