Surface topography is closely related to fatigue strength and mating accuracy of workpieces. The profile method widely adopted evaluate surface topography. In the present study, a 2D simulation model five-axis CNC machining with bull-nose cutter proposed predict machined workpiece. To this end, simplified scallop established by analyzing geometry motion cutter. Then, principles for plane free-f...

ith the expanding literature and discourse at professional meetings regarding the influence of corneal topography on outcomes following laser refractive surgery, the need for a universal, standardized classification system has become increasingly apparent. We have previously reported a seven-category topography classification schema for eyes following excimer laser pho-torefractive keratectomy ...

We combine light detection and ranging (LiDAR) digital terrain model (DTM) data and an improved mesh implementation to investigate the effects of highresolution surface topography on seismic ground motion based upon the spectralelement method. In general, topography increases the amplitude of shaking at mountain tops and ridges, whereas valleys usually have reduced ground motion, as has been ob...

Macrophages are the initial biologic responders to biomaterials. These highly plastic immune sentinels control and modulate responses to materials, foreign or natural. The responses may vary from immune stimulatory to immune suppressive. Several parameters have been identified that influence macrophage response to biomaterials, specifically size, geometry, surface topography, hydrophobicity, su...

One of the most notorious problems with ferroelectric liquid crystal is obtaining zigzag free bistable devices. By investigating the balance between surface azimuthal anchoring energy and bulk elastic energy within the confined chevron layer geometry of C1 and C2, we propose that it is possible to get a zigzag free C1 state by low azimuthal anchoring alignment at a low pretilt angle. The critic...

Methods The three-dimensional geometry of 30 patients was acquired using multi-view radiographic reconstruction and surface topography techniques. A finite element model of the trunk and a parametric brace model were created. For each case, two spinal stiffnesses (flexible, stiff) were tested. Installation of the brace was simulated. Using an experimental design framework including thirteen des...

We study numerically the interplay of surface topography and kinetics in the relaxation of crystal surface corrugations below roughening in two independent space dimensions. The kinetic processes are isotropic diffusion of adatoms across terraces and attachment-detachment of atoms at steps. We simulate the corresponding anisotropic partial differential equation for the surface height via the fi...

Anisotropy of interfacial energy is the principal driving force for material microstructure evolution yet its origins remain uncertain and a quantitative description lacking. We present and justify a concise hypothesis on the topography and topology of the functional space of grain boundary energies and, based on this hypothesis, construct a closed-form function that quantitatively describes en...

Cortical mapping, also called optical topography is a new medical imaging modality which allows the non-invasive investigation of the outer layers of the cortex. This technique is challenging and the geometry of the subject is very often over-simplified. We aim here to localize activated regions of an anatomically accurate brain. A Boundary Element Method is used for the forward model. The reco...

background: the aim of this study was to investigate vertebral geometry changes and determine cutoff value of vertebral height to predict fractures. methods: in a cross-sectional study, 280 postmenopausal women recruited .in all subjects bone mineral density and radiog raphy of the lumbar spine performed. lateral radiographs were evaluated for identification of vertebral fractures, using a vali...