Geographic information systems (GIS) technology and methods have transformed decision-making in society by bringing geographic analysis to the desktop computer. Although some educators consider GIS to a promising means for implementing reform, it has been adopted by less than 2% of American high schools. The reasons behind the interest in GIS, its slow implementation, and its effectiveness in t...

We present an ontology and agent communication language (ACL) for an agent-based Geographic Information System (GIS). The ontology is comprised of three critical components necessary to exchange information between GIS-domain agents, systems, or organizations, including: vector, raster, and image data; algorithms descriptions including name, inputs, outputs, and required parameters; and query/r...

Professor Michael Goodchild is perhaps the best known GIScientist in the world. Indeed, he coined the term in a landmark 1991 paper in which he argued that geographic information systems (GIS) was a term that poorly described the spatial theory and commensurate analysis that had flourished with the development of computational cartography (Goodchild, 1992). Geographic information science, by co...

Geographic Information System (GIS) based on Internet is a promising research field, which brings new approaches to access, share and disseminate geographic information. However, current Internet-based GIS relies heavily on centralized server, which inevitably has drawbacks such as single points of failure and network congestion etc. In recent years, Peer-to-Peer (simply P2P) and Web services a...

Patterns have been used in software engineering to enable the reuse of successful solutions for recurrent problems in various steps of the software development process. In the development of geographic information systems (GIS), usually only geographic data are reused. This paper shows the adequacy of deriving as well as applying analysis patterns in the conceptual data modeling process of geog...

Geographic information systems (GIS) are convenient and potentially powerful platforms for transportation and urban analysis. Most GIS-based tools for transportation and urban analysis continue a place-based representation that is increasingly ill-suited to answer important questions in theory, policy and practice. The increasing disconnection between people and places means that a people-based...

Number of recent technologies take Geographic Information Systems to new levels of power and usability. One of the most promising technologies that empower Geographic Information Systems is the 3D GIS modeling. In this paper, a novel robust multilevel data structure model called EBOT model (block octree tetrahedron mode Geographic Information Systems l) is presented on the basis of BOT visualiz...