Populus species with wide geographic ranges display strong adaptation to local environments. We studied the clinal patterns in phenology and ecophysiology in allopatric Populus species adapted to similar environments on different continents under common garden settings. As a result of climatic adaptation, both Populus tremula L. and Populus balsamifera L. display latitudinal clines in photosynt...

A method for mapping a closed, triangulated surface of genus 0 onto the unit sphere was developed using a parameterization based on spherical coordinates analogous to latitude and longitude combined with the Mercator scaling. The algorithm was tested on 77 protein and DNA surfaces and produces correct (bijective) mappings. The mappings produce relatively uniform distortion, as judged by angular...

The French national mapping agency (IGN) produces several different but complementary geographic vector reference databases delivered in traditional GIS formats. However, linked data users have different expectations and habits, such as the need to browse an entire data catalogue in RDF using the ”follow-your-nose” navigation capacity from one graph to another. Besides, traditional GIS data for...

The effects of thermospheric winds and electric fields on the ionospheric FZlayer are controlled by the geometry of the magnetic field, and so vary with latitude and longitude. We adopt a simple model of the daytime F2-layer and study the effects at midlatitudes (25O-65” geographic) of three processes that accompany geomagnetic storms : (i) thermospheric changes due to aurora1 heating; (ii) equ...

Marine organism diversity typically attenuates latitudinally from tropical to colder climate regimes. Since the distribution of many marine species relates to certain habitats and depth regimes, mapping data provide valuable information in the absence of detailed ecological data that can be used to identify and spatially quantify smaller scale (10 s km) coral reef ecosystem regions and potentia...

Development of a control strategy for thrips attacking nectarine trees depends on an understanding of their phenology, distribution, and life history as related to characteristics of nectarine orchards. To this end, we compared the overwintering behavior, distribution, and abundance of western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande), among 11 nectarine orchards located in the dry c...

In order to visualize where my ancestors lived in a clear manner using computers and maps, most people tend to use latitude and longitude coordinates. This works fairly well for cities because they do not tend to move around. With very few exceptions, cities tend to stay put once they are created. Although the tectonic plates of earth constantly move, the approximate location of a given city, s...

Alternative ways to control caterpillar pests and reduce the use of pesticides in apple orchards are in the interest of the environment, farmers and the public. Great tits have already been shown to reduce damage under high caterpillar density when breeding in nest boxes in an experimental apple orchard. We tested whether this reduction also occurs under practical conditions of Integrated Pest ...

BACKGROUND Maps of disease occurrences and GIS-based models of disease transmission risk are increasingly common, and both rely on georeferenced diseases data. Automated methods for georeferencing disease data have been widely studied for developed countries with rich sources of geographic referenced data. However, the transferability of these methods to countries without comparable geographic ...

Six songbird species were studied to determine how testis size varies in relation to latitude, using data from breeding areas at latitudes 7°N to 69°N. Three of the species (Carpodacus mexicanus, Vireo olivaceus, Geothylpis trichas) exhibited a significant positive relationship, one (Passerculus sandwichensis) a significant negative relationship, and two (Agelaius phoeniceus, Spizella passerina...