Despite the extensive in vitro characterization of CPAF (chlamydial protease/proteasome-like activity factor), its role in chlamydial infection and pathogenesis remains unclear. We now report that a Chlamydia trachomatis strain deficient in expression of CPAF (L2-17) is no longer able to establish a successful infection in the mouse lower genital tract following an intravaginal inoculation. The...

MyD88, a key adaptor molecule required for many innate immunity receptor-activated signaling pathways, was evaluated in a Chlamydia muridarum urogenital tract infection model. Compared with wild-type mice, MyD88 knockout (KO) mice failed to produce significant levels of inflammatory cytokines in the genital tract during the first week of chlamydial infection. MyD88 KO mice developed a Th2-domin...

Introduction: Herpes Simplex Virus type 2 (HSV-2)  is a highly prevalent sexually transmitted infection (STI) The prevalence of HSV-2 infection is increasing in many populations and geographic areas . Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) is the cause of most genital herpes and is almost always sexually transmitted. Most HSV-2 infections are consequently expected to occur after the onset of sexua...

The claim that circumcision reduces the risk of sexually transmitted infections has been repeated so frequently that many believe it is true. A systematic review and meta-analyses were performed on studies of genital discharge syndrome versus genital ulcerative disease, genital discharge syndrome, nonspecific urethritis, gonorrhea, chlamydia, genital ulcerative disease, chancroid, syphilis, her...

BACKGROUND Prospective studies of herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) infection in discordant couples have shown a low rate of transmission. However, unlike partners with genital herpes in prospectively monitored couples, most persons who transmit genital herpes are not aware of having the infection. METHODS Because HSV has a short incubation period and most persons who acquire genital herpes...

AOGIN aims are to promote and develop research, training, screening, prevention, and information concerning genital infections, precancers, and cancers in women. New breakthroughs in diagnostics, treatment, and prevention will provide both opportunities and challenges in upcoming years. AOGIN activity should assist decisionmaking and planning so that themost cost-effective gains can be made for...

AIMS To determine whether oro-pharyngeal colonisation by Chlamydia trachomatis occurs in patients at risk of genital chlamydia infection; to determine whether screening pharyngeal specimens by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) increases detection of C trachomatis compared with isolation and the immune dot blot test; and to correlate the detection of C trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae in the ...

condyloma acuminatum, is a rare sexually transmitted disease. the virus responsible for condyloma is human papillomavirus. hpv-6 and hpv-11 are the most commonly detected hpv genotypes, but at least 20 other hpv genotypes have occasionally been found in genital wart tissue specimens. in fact genital hpv infection is common among sexually active populations. this disease may occur at any age aft...

Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) can increase risk for acquisition and transmission of HIV via a number of mechanisms, including breaching of mechanical barriers to infection, increased inflammation and higher levels of HIV cellular targets, and increased genital tract HIV levels. Studies in Malawi clinic populations indicate that treatment of STDs can reduce genital tract HIV levels. Work ...

Further understanding of male human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is necessary to prevent infection in men, as well as transmission to women. In our current study, we investigated patterns of HPV infection and genotype distributions in male genital warts using the Anyplex II HPV28 Detection kit. We reviewed the medical records of 80 male patients who presented to 5 neighborhood clinics in Ulsa...