BACKGROUND It is of importance and urgency for hospitals to retain excellent nursing staff in order to improve patient satisfaction and hospital performance. However, it was found that simply increasing the salary is not the best method to resolve the problem of lacking nursing staff; it is necessary to focus on the impact of non-monetary factors. The delicate relationship between organizationa...

In this paper, locally Lipschitz functions acting between infinite dimensional normed spaces are considered. When the range is a dual space and satisfies the Radon–Nikod´ym property, Clarke's generalized Jacobian will be extended to this setting. Characterization and fundamental properties of the extended generalized Jacobian are established including the nonemptiness, the β-compactness, the β-...

In present communication, a generalized fuzzy mean code word length of degree β has been defined and its bounds in the term of generalized fuzzy information measure have been studied. Further we have defined the fuzzy mean code word length of type α, β and its bounds have also been studied. Monotonic behavior of these fuzzy mean code word lengths have been illustrated graphically by taking some...

We extend the definition of the classical Jacobi polynomials withindexes α,β > −1 to allow α and/or β to be negative integers. We show that the generalized Jacobi polynomials, with indexes corresponding to the number of boundary conditions in a given partial differential equation, are the natural basis functions for the spectral approximation of this partial differential equation. Moreover, the...

1. Proofs In this section we derive the proofs of all propositions in the main paper. Proposition 1. The AD entropy of the generalized distribution of y can be written as the sum of the negative log-likelihood of y and the AD entropy of the conditional distribution of the hidden variable given the output, Hα,β(Q y x ;w) = − logP (y|x,w) +Hα,β(P y x ;w). (1) Proof. The AD entropy of the generali...

We employ the generalized factorials to define a Stirling-type pair {s n, k;α,β, r , S n, k;α,β, r } which unifies various Stirling-type numbers investigated by previous authors. We make use of the Newton interpolation and divided differences to obtain some basic properties of the generalized Stirling numbers including the recurrence relation, explicit expression, and generating function. The g...

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1186/s12991-018-0174-6.].

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1186/s12986-018-0243-5.].

Over the past years, use of synthetic cannabinoids has become increasingly popular. To draw the right conclusions regarding new intake of these substances in situations of repeated urinary drug testing, knowledge of their elimination rate in urine is essential. We report data from consecutive urine specimens from five subjects after ingestion of synthetic cannabinoids. Urinary concentrations of...