This study presents an assessment of projection and uncertainty drought characteristics (frequency DF, area Da) using three indices (Palmer Drought Severity Index, PDSI; Standardized Precipitation SPI; Evapotranspiration SPEI) in the humid subtropical Pearl River basin southern China during period 2021–2050. The is based on 13 CMIP5 general circulation models (GCMs) under Representative Concent...

We present results from a suite of models designed to simulate solar flare effects on the D and E region ionosphere. This includes spectrum, ionosphere HF radiowave propagation. A central component this system is development photoelectron ionization enhancement factors with higher energy resolution in soft X-ray spectral that can be used supplement existing schemes currently implemented upper a...

Abstract. Weather and climate play an important role in shaping global wildfire regimes geographical distributions of burnable area. As projected by the Sixth Assessment Report Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC-AR6), near future, fire danger is likely to increase many regions due warmer temperatures drier conditions. General circulation models (GCMs) are resource understanding how...

The geospace environment is volatile and highly driven. Space weather has effects on Earth's magnetosphere that cause a dynamic enigmatic response in the thermosphere, particularly evolution of neutral mass density. Many models exist use space drivers to produce density response, but these are typically computationally expensive or inaccurate for certain conditions. In this work aims employ pro...

We identify molecular nitrogen (N2) emissions in the Martian upper atmosphere using the Imaging Ultraviolet Spectrograph (IUVS) on NASA’s Mars Atmosphere and Volatile EvolutioN (MAVEN) mission. We report the first observations of the N2 Lyman-Birge-Hopfield (LBH) bands at Mars and confirm the tentative identification of the N2 Vegard-Kaplan (VK) bands. We retrieve N2 density profiles from the V...

[1] Recent modeling results have raised doubts about the ability to deglaciate from a global glaciation at atmospheric carbon dioxide levels that are realistic for a Neoproterozoic Snowball Earth. Here we argue that over the lifetime of a Snowball event, ice dynamics should lead to the development of a layer of continental and volcanic dust at the ice surface in the tropics that would significa...

[1] We combine general circulation modeling (GCM), remote sensing, and field results to identify a positive feedback loop in which clearing of tropical savannas results in warmer and drier climate, accelerated fire frequencies, and further tree cover loss. The GCM simulations indicate that ongoing clearing of tropical savannas increases temperatures and wind speeds and decreases precipitation a...

A single column model (SCM) is, in essence, an isolated grid column of a general circulation model (GCM). Hence, SCMs have rather demanding input data requirements, but do not suffer from problems associated with balance of a GCM. Among the initial conditions that must be used to describe the initial state of the SCM column are the vertical profile of the horizontal wind components and the vert...

This report examines the e ect of model bias within a data assimilation sys tem For this study we use the Goddard Earth Observing System GEOS Data Assimilation System DAS which employs the Incremental Analysis Updating IAU procedure In such a procedure the after analysis minus rst guess in crements are used as external forcing within a general circulation model GCM to provide corrective adjustm...