Global climate models (GCMs) from the sixth Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phases (CMIP6) have been employed to simulate twenty-first-century temperatures for risk assessment of future change. However, their transient response (TCR) ranges 1.2 2.8 °C, whereas equilibrium sensitivity (ECS) 1.8 5.7 leading large variations in climatic impact an anthropogenic increase atmospheric CO2 levels...

Abstract Recently it has been suggested that natural variability in sea surface temperature (SST) patterns over the historical period causes a low bias estimates of climate sensitivity based on instrumental records, addition to by time variation feedback parameter atmospheric general circulation models (GCMs) coupled dynamic oceans. This excess, unforced, “pattern effect” (the effect evolving s...

Atmospheric circulation is a key driver of climate variability, and the representation atmospheric modes in regional models (RCMs) can enhance credibility projections. This study examines large-scale Coupled Model Inter-comparison Project phase 5 RCMs once driven by ERA-Interim, two general (GCMs). The region Western Europe are classified using Promax rotated T-mode principal component analysis...

Abstract The Canary current upwelling is one of the major eastern boundary coastal systems in world, bearing a high productive ecosystem and commercially important fisheries. system (CCUS) has large latitudinal extension, usually divided into zones with different characteristics. Eddies, filaments other mesoscale processes are known to have an impact productivity, thus for proper representation...

Drought events are critical environmental threats that yield several socioeconomic impacts. Such effects even more relevant for South America (SA) since different activities essential the continent, such as agriculture and energy generation, depend highly on water resources. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate future changes in precipitation hydrological drought occurrence SA through climate pro...