BackgroundEndoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided gallbladder drainage (GBD) has gained increasing popularity as an alternative treatment approach for acute cholecystitis in high-risk patients. We report the procedural and long-term outcomes of elective EUS-GBD using self-expandable metallic stents (SEMSs) after percutaneous transhepatic (PTGBD) cholecystitis.MethodsBetween April 2015 January 2017, ...

background: gastrointestinal and liver diseases (gilds) are major causes of death and disability in middle east and north africa (mena). however, they have different patterns in countries with various geographical, cultural, and socio-economic status. we aimed to compare the burden of gilds in iran with its neighboring countries using the results of the global burden of disease (gbd) study in 2...

background: gastrointestinal and liver diseases (gild) constitute a noteworthy portion of causes of death and disability in iran. however, data on their prevalence and burden is sparse in iran. the global burden of disease (gbd) study in 2010 has provided invaluable comprehensive data on the burden of gild in iran methods: estimations of death, years of life lost due to premature death (yll), y...

A system for assessing the burdens imposed by disease and injury was developed to meet healthcare, priority setting, and policy planning needs. The first such system, the Global Burden of Disease (GBD), was implemented in 1990. However, problems associated with limited data and assumed disability weightings remain to be resolved. The purpose of the present study was to estimate national burdens...

PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to characterize the 3-dimensional (3D) configuration of subretinal fluid (SRF) in idiopathic central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SDOCT). METHODS The OCT images of patients with CSC were reviewed retrospectively. The 3D configurations of SRF were assessed using a modified segmentation algorithm of SDOC...

Increased accumulation and/or impaired utilization of fatty acid in extra-adipose tissues are implicated in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 (Pdk4) is a key enzyme involved in fatty oxidation and energy expenditure, and its expression can be repressed by pro-inflammatory stimuli. Previously, we have shown that class II transactivator (C...

Mycobacterium tuberculosis remains a major cause of pulmonary infection worldwide. Attachment of M. tuberculosis organisms to alveolar macrophages (AMs) represents the earliest phase of primary infection in pulmonary tuberculosis. In this study fibronectin (Fn), an adhesive protein, is shown to bind M. tuberculosis organisms and facilitates attachment of M. tuberculosis to murine AMs. A monoclo...

Quantitative assessments of the health status of a population are essential to make decisions and set priorities in the field of public health. Changing epidemiologic patterns increase the demand for comprehensive estimates of population health across the full health spectrum, including non-communicable diseases and injuries. Burden of disease (BoD) analysis has helped meet this need. With the ...