This paper reports the role of seromucoid estimations in the diagnosis of upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage. Oesophageal varices, peptic ulcer, and carcinoma of the stomach tend to be divided by low, normal, and high levels respectively.

BACKGROUND Cirrhosis of liver is the leading cause of portal hypertension in this part of the globe. Around thirty percent of the patient with portal hypertension develops complications. Oesophageal variceal bleeding is a serious complication of portal hypertension. Oesophageal variceal band ligation (EVBL) has become the standard of care for patients with bleeding oesophageal varices. Multiple...

Duodenal varices are ectopic portosystemic shunts that do not tend to result in gastrointestinal bleeding. Balloon-occluded retrograde transvenous obliteration is an established treatment for gastric varices. We report a 60-year-old man with melena due to ruptured duodenal varices originating at an inferior pancreaticoduodenal vein; drainage was into a gonadal vein. His ruptured duodenal varice...

INTRODUCTION Isolated ectopic varices located in the small bowel are uncommon. Portal hypertension caused by liver cirrhosis is the most common predisposing risk factor. PRESENTATION OF CASE We present an unusual case of massive gastrointestinal bleeding from idiopathic jejunal varices in a 73-year-old Caucasian male without portal hypertension. Exploratory laparotomy disclosed ectopic varice...

Approximately one in six patients with portal hypertension who develop varices at sites of portosystemic venous collaterals has gastric varices due to hepatofugal flow into the gastric veins. Bleeding from gastric varices, though less common, has a higher mortality and morbidity compared to bleeding esophageal varices, which are easier to manage endoscopically. The efferent channel for gastric ...

BACKGROUND Endoscopic treatment of esophageal varices may accentuate portal hypertensive gastropathy. The impact of the combination of band ligation and propranolol on this condition remains unknown. METHODS Patients with history of variceal bleeding were randomized to receive band ligation alone (control group, 40 patients) or a combination of band ligation and propranolol (propranolol group...

Esophageal transection by means of an anastomotic clip or button is a simple and useful approach to the management of haemorrhage due to esophageal varices. We have used this technique in four cases (three Prioton clips, and one autosuture) and completed the procedure with periesophageal, left gastric and fundal veins ligation. The patients have been followed up for periods ranging between five...

Esophagogastric varices are considered to be the most common complication in patients with portal hypertension. Endoscopic ultrasonography not only visualizes the surface of the varices but also provides detailed information about their internal structure. The direction of blood flow can be determined and its velocity measured only via endoscopic color Doppler ultrasonography (ECDUS). This can ...