It is known that repeated bouts of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) lead to enhanced levels of glycolysis, glycogenesis, and lactate transport proteins in skeletal muscle; however, little is known about the molecular mechanisms underlying these adaptations. To decipher the mechanism leading to improvement of skeletal muscle glycolytic capacity associated with HIIT, we examined the role o...

Patients with complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) exhibit diverse symptoms, such as neuropathic pain, allodynia, local edema and skin color changes in the affected lesion. Although nerve injury may cause CRPS, pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the syndrome are unclear, and local edema, a characteristic of CRPS, has not been evaluated quantitatively for technical reasons. Here, using a ...

Popliteal cyst (Baker’s cyst) was first described by Adams in 1840, popularized by Baker in 1877, and was theorized as an enlarged gastrocnemiussemimembranosus bursa that communicated with the knee and trapped synovial fluid.1 Numerous bursa are located in the popliteal space between the knee ligaments, hamstring tendons, gastrocnemius muscle, and collateral ligaments. The two proposed etiologi...

BACKGROUND The sit-and-reach test (SRT) used to measure low back and hamstring flexibility is more adequate when combined with hip joint angle (HJA) measurement. It is supposed that shortening of the gastrocnemius muscle could affect the SRT results. OBJECTIVES The purposes of the study were to investigate the relationship between the HJA and SRT and to verify the influence of the gastrocnemi...

The effect of insulin administration upon D-xylose-1-C(14) penetration into the diaphragm and gastrocnemius muscles of functionally nephrectomized normal, hypophysectomized, and adrenalectomized rats has been examined. It was found in all groups that after the administration of tracer amounts of D-xylose, this sugar enters the cell water of diaphragm to a greater extent than in gastrocnemius mu...

It has been hypothesized that microgravity-induced orthostatic hypotension may result from an exaggerated vasodilatory responsiveness of arteries. The purpose of this study was to determine whether skeletal muscle arterioles exhibit enhanced vasodilation in rats after 2 wk of hindlimb unloading (HU). First-order arterioles isolated from soleus and white gastrocnemius muscles were tested in vitr...

INTRODUCTION Among the extrapulmonary manifestations of COPD, dysfunction and loss of muscle mass/weight are those that have the greatest impact on the quality of life of patients. Our objective was to evaluate the molecular mechanisms that are potentially implicated in the limited development of muscle mass in the diaphragm and gastrocnemius of mice with experimentally-induced emphysema. MET...

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of exercise on the pattern of muscle myostatin (MSTN) protein expression in two important metabolic disorders, i.e., obesity and diabetes mellitus. MATERIALS AND METHODS MSTN, is a negative regulator of skeletal muscle mass. We evaluated the effect of exercise on MSTN protein expression in diabetes mellitus and high fat diet-induced ob...

Skeletal muscle atrophy is a common phenomenon during the prolonged muscle disuse caused by cast immobilization, extended aging states, bed rest, space flight, or other factors. However, the cellular mechanisms of the atrophic process are poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the involvement of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) in the expression of muscle-specific RING finger ...

PURPOSE To compare the degree of stretching of sarcomeres--in the medial gastrocnemius versus the tibialis anterior--acutely extended by tibial lengthening. METHODS The right lower legs of 6 New Zealand White rabbits were acutely distracted by 6.3 mm using an external fixator, whereas the left lower legs served as controls. Immediately after distraction, the ankle was dorsiflexed at 50 degree...