INTRODUCTION Social media based indicators or altmetrics have been under scrutiny for the last seven years. Their promise as alternative metrics for measuring scholarly impact (Priem, Piwowar, & Hemminger, 2012) is still far from becoming a reality (Torres-Salinas, Cabezas-Clavijo, & Jiménez-Contreras, 2013). Issues with regard to their meaning (Sud & Thelwall, 2014), potential use as alternati...

Rapid growth of urbanization and its complications in recent decades has absorbed urban planners' attention to stability and stable development issues. In this regard community which is the core stone of urban development stayed away from formal system of spatial planning, and established communities are in contrast with preserving stable development rules and principals, therefore this researc...

The form of cities does affect the way people use cities. The way people use cities does affect the urban quality of life, the richness of local economy, the level of social cohesion, the level of safety and equity, the amount and the kind of human activities in public spaces. The above are all components of the urban sustainability issue. Making a reflection on urban form relevant to urban (so...

BACKGROUND Working at old ages is regarded as a good way to keep one's health according to the idea of productive aging. However, there is not enough evidence yet whether retirement is good or bad, or the kind of effects it has on the health of older adults aged 65 and over. We examined it by using a recent data of Wako city, a suburb area near Tokyo in Japan. METHODS One thousand seven hundr...

BACKGROUND Association between deprivation and health is well established, particularly among unemployed or fixed-term contract or temporary contract subjects. This study aimed to assess if this relationship existed as well in full-time permanent workers. METHODS Biometrical, biological, behavioural and psychosocial health risk indicators and an individual deprivation score, the Evaluation of...

a r t i c l e i n f o Educational technology and instructional design research has focused on evaluating interventions and innovations in terms of their effectiveness, efficiency, and appeal. While such indicators of learning outcomes are important, designers should also strive for engaging, socially just, and transformational instruction. To illuminate the capabilities of adventure learning, w...

one of the main reasons of unsustainability of city development in iran is that planners and mayors have not almost been able to create connections between different dimensions of a city. sustainability indicators are evaluation tools of cities operation applicable in living environmental, economical, and social aspects. the purpose of this paper is to offer a framework including the descriptio...

The CSD’s set of sustainability indicators was the first one to explicitly take into account the fourth essential dimension of sustainability, the institutional one, besides the well established economic, environmental and social ones. Although this is a major achievement for sustainability policies, the indicators proposed have not all been received with enthusiasm. This results not from the c...