MK-212 (1 x 10(-7)M -- 1 x 10(-5)M) produced dose-dependent contractions of guinea pig ileum, taenia coil and rat fundus strip. The responses to MK-212 in all three preparations were blocked competitively by cyproheptadine (1 x 10(-8)M) a 5-HT receptor antagonist. Mepyramine (1 x 10(-8)M)-H1 receptor antagonist also inhibited competitively the responses of guinea pig ileum and taenia coli to MK...

PURPOSE To compare two different approaches to measuring areas of geographic atrophy (GA) using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). METHODS Fifty eyes with GA were imaged with an SD-OCT instrument. OCT fundus images and sub- retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) slab images were generated. Three graders manually drew the GA boundaries on both en face images. An automated algorit...

We present a case of neuroretinitis as presenting and the only presentation of Lyme disease in a 25-year-old female who visited hilly areas in the Himalayas of North India. She presented with right eye sudden and painless blurring of vision. Her vision at presentation was 20/60. She had fundus examination; fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging showe...

Occult macular dystrophy is an inherited macular dystrophy characterized by a progressive decline of bilateral visual acuity with normal fundus appearance, fluorescein angiogram and full-field electroretinogram. This case report presents a 20-year-old female patient with bilateral progressive decline of visual acuity for six years. Her visual acuity was 3-4/10 in both eyes. Anterior segment and...

Retinal Fundus image segmentation is challenging due to the presence of faintly interrelated optic nerve disk, fovea, and blood vessels. Among them most relevant and region of interest is blood vessels for ophthalmologists for proper disease diagnostic purpose. In this paper, we proposed a computationally effective image segmentation algorithm for fundus image segmentation known as Cuckoo Searc...

rig. renpheralfundus cS. We have had occasion to see a similar case, first in 1974 when the patient, a black female with no apparent vision but otherwise well, was 6 months old. At that time dilated fundus examination under anaesthesia (EUA) was normal. Repeat EUA in 1977 at age 4 years revealed bilateral peripheral fundus lesions essentially identical to those described by Chew et al. (Figs. 1...

Diabetic retinopathy is a major cause of blindness in the world. It will take more time to identify the clinical features such as microaneurysms, hemorrhages, exudates and cottonwool spots through manual inspection of fundus images. A computer assisted diagnosis system can help to reduce the burden on the ophthalmologist and rapidly identify the most severe cases. An efficient approach for red ...

We present in vivo human fundus imaging using a fiber-based confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscope (SLO). Spectrally encoded confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (SECSLO) utilizes a spectral encoding technique in one dimension, combined with single-axis lateral scanning, to create video-rate reflectivity maps of the fundus. This implementation of the SLO allows for high-contrast high-resoluti...

Diabetic retinopathy lesion detection such as exudate in fundus image of retina can lead to early diagnosis of the disease. Retinal image includes dark areas such as main blood vessels and retinal tissue and also bright areas such as optic disk, optical fibers and lesions e.g. exudate. In this paper, a multistage algorithm for the detection of exudate in foreground is proposed. The algorithm se...