[1] The steric component of Mediterranean sea level as obtained from different hydrographic gridded products is compared for the last decades. The widely used MEDATLAS2, ENACT/ENSEMBLES, ISHIIV6.7, and ISHIIV6.12 databases show large discrepancies, mainly derived from the halosteric component. The validation of the mass component against gravimetry data suggests that ENACT is slightly more accu...

We consider surface gravity currents in fresh water where the temperatures of the current and the ambient are on opposite sides of the temperature of maximum density. Buoyancy reversal may occur in the current, due to entrainment of ambient water to produce a mixture that is denser than the ambient. Using an empirical parametrisation of entrainment in lock-release gravity currents, the distance...

The conventional oil recovery system in the Fushun oil shale retorting plant has a low oil recovery rate. A large quantity of fresh water is used in the system, thereby consuming a considerable amount of water and energy, as well as polluting the environment. This study aims to develop a closed process of shale oil recovery from the circulating washing water for the Fushun oil shale retorting p...

This investigation was conducted in order to identify the heavy minerals of the beach sands of Carmel Bay, and to analyze the distribution of these minerals, Carmel Bay offers the opportunity to study heavy mineral assemblages in a small isolated bay, internally divided by a submarine canyon, containing smaller pocket beaches influenced by several geological formations and two fresh water strea...

In order to evaluate the tuber fresh weight and some physiological attributes of Agria potato cultivar in response to water deficit stress and mycorrhiza inoculation, a field trial was conducted as a split plot scheme based on randomized complete block design with three replications at the research site of Islamic Azad University, Tabriz Branch in 2012. Four water levels including: irrigation a...

Corn steep water as effluent which arrives in environment from starch processing industry has adverse effects on the environment and also large volume of fresh water is wasted. Corn step water is composed of high concentration of proteins, sugar, starch, vitamin and minerals, so it can be used as substrate for production of biological products. Hence, corn steep water concentration is important...

Application of toxic antibacterial agents is considered necessary to control prevalent fresh water microorganisms that grow in evaporative cooling water systems, but can adversely affect the environment and human health. However, natural antibacterial water chemistry has been applied in industrial cooling water systems for over 10 years to inhibit microorganisms with excellent results. The wate...

The purpose of this study is to propose a theoretical framework based on a balanced scorecard (BSC) for performance measurement in the water desalination supply chain (WDSC). The reason for choosing this context is that the supply chain (SC) of water desalination has received a great amount of attention, due to issues related to the increased need of fresh water for agricultural, industrial and...

In a national online survey, 1,020 participants reported their perceptions of water use for household activities. When asked for the most effective strategy they could implement to conserve water in their lives, or what other Americans could do, most participants mentioned curtailment (e.g., taking shorter showers, turning off the water while brushing teeth) rather than efficiency improvements ...