In computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and hydrodynamics, free surface flow is always a hot issue. In this paper, an incompressible material point method (iMPM) is proposed based on operator splitting in which the solution of the momentum equation is split into two steps. The pressure term is ignored first, and the predicted velocities can be obtained by solving the momentum equations without th...

Difficulties associated with free-surface finite element flow simulations are related to a) nonlinear and advective nature of most hydrodynamic flows, b) requirements for compatibility between velocity and pressure interpolation, c) maintaining a valid computational mesh in the presence of moving boundaries, and d) enforcement of the kinematic conditions at the free surface. Focusing on the las...

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Quantitative imaging of vortices and simultaneous force measurements define the physical origin of vortex-induced loading. Image analysis includes: topological classification of vortex patterns in space and time; and identification of vortex contributions to forces via theoretical models. These approaches employ integrated experimental systems involving either computer-controlled or elastic mot...

The problem of steady subcritical free surface flow past a submerged inclined step is considered. The asymptotic limit of small Froude number is treated, with particular emphasis on the effect that changing the angle of the step face has on the surface waves. As demonstrated by Chapman & Vanden-Broeck, (2006) Exponential asymptotics and gravity waves. J. Fluid Mech. 567, 299–326, the divergence...

Two-dimensional free-surface flow over a spatially periodic channel bed topography is examined using a steady periodically forced Korteweg–de Vries equation. The existence of new forced solitary-type waves with periodic tails is demonstrated using recently developed non-autonomous dynamical-systems theory. Bound states with two or more co-existing solitary waves are also identified. The solutio...

The film flow of a two-dimensional suspension of neutrally buoyant liquid drops down an inclined plane wall is investigated by numerical simulation in the limit of vanishing Reynolds numbers. The results show that well-separated and solitary drops migrate toward an equilibrium position located between the free surface and the wall, for a broad range of the fluid physical properties and flow con...

Successful design and operation of hydraulic structures require more effective and reliable tools to be used in a variety of practical problems, including bottom outlets, intakes and/or spillways. Until recently, physical modeling has been the principal approach in studying the flow pattern and behavior of such structures. The main concerns might generally be related to estimating of discharge ...

This paper explores the influence of blockage and free-surface deformation on the hydrodynamic performance of a generic marine cross-flow turbine. Flows through a three-bladed turbine with solidity 0.125 are simulated at field-test blade Reynolds numbers, O(10(5)-10(6)), for three different cross-stream blockages: 12.5, 25 and 50 per cent. Two representations of the free-surface boundary are co...