The reconstruction of structurally compromised posterior teeth is a rather challenging procedure. The tendency of endodontically treated teeth (ETT) to fracture is considerably higher than vital teeth. Although posts and core build-ups followed by conventional crowns have been generally employed for the purpose of reconstruction, this procedure entails sacrificing a considerable amount of resid...

With advances in material science and technology multitude of treatment options are available for traumatically missing anterior tooth. It can be implants, porcelain to metal bridges, Maryland bridges or orthodontic treatment. Development of fibre-reinforced composites (FRCs) has opened a new perspective in such cases. The fibre-reinforced composites have better flexural strength and fracture r...

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of two different adhesive systems (Tetric Flow and Transbond XT) in combination with fibre-reinforced composites (FRC) net (Ever Stick) on the shear bond strength (SBS) of orthodontic brackets. Eighty bovine permanent mandibular incisors were randomly divided into four equal groups. Stainless steel maxillary central incisor brackets with a 0....

Naive T cells encounter antigen-presenting cells within the cortex of lymph nodes to initiate primary immune responses. Within this T cell cortex is the reticular network (RN)--a system of collagen fibers and extracellular matrix (ECM) wrapped by fibroblastic reticular cells (FRC). We have investigated the distribution of various molecules, including ECM proteins and proteoglycans, in the T cel...

Like the windbag of a bagpipe, the functional residual capacity (FRC) is the lung volume that acts as a reservoir of air for physiologic use. This reserve volume is particularly important during the period of apnea that occurs during induction of general anesthesia. The balance of the inward elastic recoil of the lung and the outward chest wall forces determines the FRC. Inward recoil forces ar...

A single-projection X-ray technique showed an increase in functional residual capacity (FRC) in conscious mice in response to aerosolized methacholine (MCh) with little change in airway resistance (Raw) measured using barometric plethysmography (Lai-Fook SJ, Houtz PK, Lai Y-L. J Appl Physiol 104: 521-533, 2008). The increase in FRC presumably prevented airway constriction by offsetting airway c...

BACKGROUND The relationship between lower airway markers of inflammation and infection with physiologic findings is poorly understood in young children with cystic fibrosis (CF). The goal of this study was to evaluate the association of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) markers of infection and inflammation, including mediators linked to airway remodeling, to infant lung function values in yo...

Concrete is a brittle material. The lack of durability of concrete infrastructure has been a recognized concern. Research in fiber reinforced concrete (FRC) often addresses the issue of material brittleness. However, the translation of improved ductility of FRC into infrastructure durability is often overlooked. This paper explores the concept of elevating the ductility of high performance fibe...

Fiber-reinforced composite resin (FRC) prostheses offer the advantages of good aesthetics, minimal invasive treatment, and an ability to bond to the abutment teeth, thereby compensating for less-than-optimal abutment tooth retention and resistance form. These prostheses are composed of two types of composite materials: fiber composites to build the framework and hybrid or microfill particulate ...