Streamlines are a popular way of visualizing flow in vector fields. A major challenge in flow field visualization is selecting the streamlines to view. Rendering too many streamlines clutters the visualization and makes features of the field difficult to identify. Rendering too few streamlines causes viewers to completely miss features of the flow field not rendered. The fractal dimension of a ...

A Fractal Evolutionary Particle Swarm Optimization (FEPSO) is proposed based on the classical particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. FEPSO applies the fractal Brownian motion model used to describe the irregular movement characteristics to simulate the optimization process varying in unknown mode, and include the implied trends to go to the global optimum. This will help the individual to...

Indexing terms: Coding, Image processing, Fractal transforms In this letter the contractivity of existing fractal transforms for use in image compression schemes is examined. The coding process is described as nonlinear transformation in the finite dimensional euclidean vector space. We derive sufficient conditions for contractivity based on the spectral norm and the spectral radius of the tran...

The structure and scaling of river networks characterized using fractal dimensions related to Horton's laws is assessed. The Hortonian sealing framework is shown to be limited in that strict self similarity is only possible for structurally Hortonian networks. Dimension estimates using the Hortonian scaling system are biased and do not admit space filling. Tokunaga eyclicity presents an alterna...

This study aims to evaluate the efficiency of the concentration-number (C-N) fractal model for discrimination of soil horizon regarding the depth distribution profile. In this regard, soil parameters such as pH, organic carbon content, calcareous mineral content, electrical conductivity and available phosphorus of Ziarat forestland in Golestan Province, north of Iran, has been investigated. The...

In mesoscopic systems, conductance fluctuations are a sensitive probe of electron dynamics and chaotic phenomena. We show that the conductance of a purely classical chaotic system, with either fully chaotic or mixed phase space, generically exhibits fractal conductance fluctuations unrelated to quantum interference. This might explain the unexpected dependence of the fractal dimension of the co...

A simple, yet unifying method is provided for the construction of tilings by tiles obtained from the attractor of an iterated function system (IFS). Many examples appearing in the literature in ad hoc ways, as well as new examples, can be constructed by this method. These tilings can be used to extend a fractal transformation defined on the attractor of a contractive IFS to a fractal transforma...

Fractal antennas have been shown to demonstrate repetitive multi-band or logperiodic behavior that has been attributed to the self-similar scale factor of the antenna’s geometry. This geometry, which has been used to model complex objects found in nature such as clouds and coastlines, has space filling properties that can be utilized to miniaturize antennas. These unique properties of fractals ...

Fractal image compression is a technique based on the representation of an image by a contractive transform, on the space of images, for which the fixed point is close to the original image. This broad principle encompasses a very wide variety of coding schemes, many of which have been explored in the rapidly growing body of published research. While certain theoretical aspects of this represen...

Starting with a substitution tiling, we demonstrate a method for constructing infinitely many new substitution tilings. Each of these new tilings is derived from a graph iterated function system and the tiles have fractal boundary. We show that each of the new tilings is mutually locally derivable to the original tiling. Thus, at the tiling space level, the new substitution rules are expressing...