allameh tabatabaei has proposed the last and the shortest formulation of the “seddiqin argument” of which javadi amoli believes it provides no philosophical presuppositions and therefore can be the first question in islamic philosophy. the claim has yielded controversies pro and con. in the papers written on the subject matter, the claim has been criticized in particular and not in general. i t...

Several justification logics have evolved, starting with the logic LP, [2]. These can be thought of as explicit versions of modal logics, or logics of knowledge or belief in which the unanalyzed necessity operator has been replaced with a family of explicit justification terms. Modal logics come in various strengths. For their corresponding justification logics, differing strength is reflected ...

When dealing with different systems of modal logic, it is often necessary to know about the interrelations between them. This paper focuses on and gives the inclusion structure of a larger collection of modal systems, among them the most common logics. As a first step, we find and prove all inclusions between the systems in question, using their axiomatization. Subsequently, we show for all rem...

The paper contains an exposition of some non standard approach to gentzenization of modal logics. The first section is devoted to short discussion of desirable properties of Gentzen systems and the short review of various sequential systems for modal logics. Two non standard, cut-free sequent systems are then presented, both based on the idea of using special modal sequents, in addition to usua...

Abstract Centered around the analysis of prescriptive portion Vedas, Sanskrit philosophical school Mīmāṃsā provides a treasure trove normative investigations. We focus on leading authors Prabhākara, Kumārila and Maṇḍana, discuss three modal logics that formalize their deontic theories. In first part this paper, we use logic to analyze, compare clarify various solutions śyena controversy, two-th...

While there is a broad literature on the theory of firstorder modal logics, little is known about practical reasoning systems for them. This paper presents several implementations of fully automated theorem provers for first-order modal logics based on different proof calculi. Among these calculi are the standard sequent calculus, a prefixed tableau calculus, an embedding into simple type theor...

it is well-known that “casual conditional” in islamic logics has been used with two meanings: “specific conditional” and “general conditional”. however, viewing the works of the muslim logicians, we find out that these two meanings of “casual conditional” have been interpreted in two various ways: each of the general and specific conditionals is sometimes interpreted as the condition of “non-ne...

In this paper we introduce a general semantic interpretation for propositional quantification in all multi-modal logics based on bisimulations (bisimulation quantification). Bisimulation quantification has previously been considered in the context of isolated modal logics, such as PDL (D’Agostino and Hollenberg, 2000), intuitionistic logic (Pitts, 1992) and logics of knowledge (French 2003). We...

Explicit modal logics contain modal-like terms that label formulas in a way that mimics deduction in the system. These logics have certain proof-theoretic advantages over the usual modal logics, perhaps the most important of which is conventional cut-elimination. The present paper studies tableau proof systems for two explicit modal logics, LP and S4LP. Using a certain method to prove the corre...