literature is the aesthetic manifestation of language. it is ‘as old as human language and as new as tomorrow’s sunrise.’ this paper explores the interrelationships between language and literature from 600 ad to the present day.  the grammar of present-day english is closely related to that of old english with the same tense formation and word orders. the verse unit is a single line and its org...

Requirements Engineering Methods (REMs) support Requirements Engineering (RE) tasks, from elicitation, through modeling and analysis, to validation and evolution of requirements. Despite the growing interest to design, validate and teach REMs, it remains unclear what components REMs should have. A classification framework for REMs is proposed. It distinguishes REMs based on the domain-independe...

This invited paper presents a number of correlated specifications of example railway system problems. They use a variety of partially or fully integrated formal specification. The paper thus represents a mere repository of what we consider interesting case studies. The existence of the Unified Modeling Language [10, 67, 36, 20] has caused, for one reason or another, the research community to tr...

A Wireless Sensor Network (WSN), made of distributed autonomous nodes, is designed to monitor physical or environmental conditions. WSNs have many application domains such as environment or health monitoring. Their design must consider energy constraints, concurrency issues, node heterogeneity, while still meeting the quality requirements of life-critical applications. Formal verification helps...

This paper presents the design of a knowledge acquisition user interface for a compositional modeling system. To facilitate collabora-tive development of knowledge bases and their reuse, knowledge of the domain is represented in a formal language based on the rst-order predicate logic. The vocabulary used is also formally deened explicitly in the same language. However, use of a formal represen...

In recent years, the knowledge engineering community has begun to explore formal specification languagesas a tool in the development of knowledgebased systems. These formal knowledge modelling languages have a number of advantages over informal languages, such as their precise meaning and the possibility to derive properties through formal proofs. However, these formal languages also suffer fro...

Many distributed applications can be understood in terms of components interacting in an open environment. This interaction is not always uniform as the network may consist of subnets with different quality: Some components are tightly connected with order preservation of communicated messages, whereas others are more loosely connected such that overtaking of messages and even message loss may ...

As modern systems become increasingly complex, there is a growing need to support the systems engineering process with a variety of formal models, such that the team of experts involved in the process can express and share knowledge precisely, succinctly and unambiguously. However, creating such formal models can be expensive and time-consuming, making a broad exploration of different system ar...

As modern systems become increasingly complex, there is a growing need to support the systems engineering process with a variety of formal models, such that the team of experts involved in the process can express and share knowledge precisely, succinctly and unambiguously. However, creating such formal models can be expensive and time-consuming, making a broad exploration of different system ar...