Research has demonstrated the effectiveness of imagery use in sport, but only few studies have examined the theoretically connection between imagery and confidence in team sports. These neglect necessitated the need to examine imagery use as predictors of elite football players’ sport confidence. Descriptive data were collected from forty-three male and female football players from Nigeria usin...

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IMPORTANCE A report by the Institute of Medicine called for comprehensive nationwide concussion incidence data across the spectrum of athletes aged 5 to 23 years. OBJECTIVE To describe the incidence of concussion in athletes participating in youth, high school, and collegiate American football. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Data were collected by athletic trainers at youth, high school,...

INTRODUCTION Death of an athlete during sports is tragic, and sudden cardiac death (SCD) is the most common cause. It is estimated, that the incidence of a SCD in athletes varies between 1:917 000 and 1:3000, whereas studies with higher methodological quality consistently report ranges between 1:40 000 to 1:80 000. In addition, it has been stated that subgroups and sport disciplines may be at a...

Purpose – Football exercise as an intervention for people with severe mental health problems has seen an increasing interest in the past years. To date, there is, however, no comprehensive review of the empirical evidence regarding the effectiveness of these interventions. In this review, the authors have comprised the research findings from the peer-review literature as well as the theoretical...

In the November Editorial, "Editorial: Do Orthopaedic Surgeons Belong on the Sidelines at American Football Games?" a statistic was attributed to a JAMA study (Ref. 10) that should have been attributed to an article from the New York Times (Ref. 16). The sentence in question should read: "We accept that critique, provided that the skeptics acknowledge that the best-case estimate in support of t...

This paper defends the use of evolutionary algorithms to generate (and evolve) strategies that manage the behavior of a team in simulated football videogames. The chosen framework to develop the experiments is Robocup, an internatonal project that promotes the use of Artificial Intelligence in socially significant areas. One of these areas is related to computer games in the form of a simulated...

China football league has started the professional reforms since 1994, but so far the operation of many domestic professional football clubs has been more and more difficult. Only a few clubs can survive and the vast majority of club investors are changed frequently, including normal transferring, normal capital operation, even being dissolved because of hardships. As for the reasons, the club'...

CONTEXT Previous researchers have demonstrated that male and female athletes feel more comfortable with treatment by a same-sex athletic trainer for sex-specific injuries and conditions. OBJECTIVE To address football players' comfort with care provided by same-sex and opposite-sex athletic trainers for sex-specific and non-sex-specific injuries and conditions through the lens of role congruit...

BACKGROUND Research evaluating the effect of comprehensive coach education and practice contact restriction in youth football injury rates is sparse. In 2012, USA Football released their Heads Up Football coaching education program (HUF), and Pop Warner Football (PW) instituted guidelines to restrict contact during practice. PURPOSE To compare injury rates among youth football players aged 5 ...