In a review of the etiology of peroneal spastic flat foot, Harris and Beath in 1948 showed that this term was often applied indiscriminately and inaccurately to rigid flat feet of at least three different types. In two there was an anomaly of tarsal structure with fusion of the calcaneum either to the navicular bone or to the talus. A deformed, rigid foot was produced without true peroneal spas...

Numerical models represent a powerful tool for investigating the biomechanical behavior of articular cartilages, in particular in the case of complex conformation of anatomical site. In the literature, there are complex non-linear-multiphase models for investigating the mechanical response of articular cartilages, but seldom implemented for the analysis of high organized structure such as the f...

The results of a simple pairwise-scanning analysis designed to identify inter-serotype recombination fragments, applied to genome data from 156 isolates of Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) representing all seven serotypes, are reported. Large numbers of candidate recombinant fragments were identified from all parts of the FMDV genome, with the exception of the capsid genes, within which such...

We have developed a synthetic gecko tape by transferring micropatterned carbon nanotube arrays onto flexible polymer tape based on the hierarchical structure found on the foot of a gecko lizard. The gecko tape can support a shear stress (36 N/cm(2)) nearly four times higher than the gecko foot and sticks to a variety of surfaces, including Teflon. Both the micrometer-size setae (replicated by n...

Congenital dislocation of the peroneal tendons is a rare and infrequently reported deformity of the foot in the neonate. Four cases of this deformity associated with a congenital calcaneovalgus deformity of the foot have been treated and followed to the resolution of both of the deformities. The calcaneovalgus foot proved more resistant to correction and required more prolonged and aggressive t...

I t is accepted that pressure relief is among the most important aspects in treating diabetic foot ulcers. Clinically, a variety of off-loading devices are used to redistribute pressure away from the area of ulceration to improve wound healing. The incorporation of pressure-relieving properties in a wound care dressing for the treatment foot ulcers is a new and interesting concept, although cur...

Background Hallux valgus (HV) is a progressive foot deformity involving lateral deviation of the hallux, and a common indication for forefoot surgery. However, the degree of foot pain experienced by individuals with HV is unclear. Recent evidence suggests an association between HV and foot pain; whereas, other studies have found no association. Furthermore, it is unknown whether more severe HV ...

The single axis subtalar joint is a hinge joining the talus and calcaneus that allows adaptation of the foot on uneven ground. This joint modifies the forces of ambulation imposed on the rest of the skeleton and influences the performance of the more distal foot articulations as well. When the structure and function of this joint are altered by trauma, instability, arthritis, infection, or tars...