In April 2007, an Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC) assessment mission estimated that more than 400,000 hectares of cultivated area had been damaged or lost affecting the food security of thousands of subsistence farmers. Thousands of rural communities that lost all their crops did not have sufficient seeds for the next sowing season. A CEPAL mission calculated tha...

Intraganglionic laminar endings (IGLEs) and intramuscular arrays (IMAs) are the two putative mechanoreceptors that the vagus nerve supplies to gastrointestinal smooth muscle. To examine whether neurotrophin-4 (NT-4)-deficient mice, which have only 45% of the normal number of nodose ganglion neurons, exhibit selective losses of these endings and potentially provide a model for assessing their fu...

Methods The BELANA questionnaire (Burdens and Expenses of Living as Adult with Nutrition based Allergy or Intolerance) has been developed to measure the temporal and financial burdens from the patient’s perspective. BELANA includes possible temporal losses (disability days, reduction in productivity, hospitalizations) as well as direct costs (additional costs for food purchases). For the comple...

Ochratoxin A (OTA) contamination often causes large economic losses on livestock production. The intake of feed contaminated by OTA also represents a potential risk for animal health and a food safety issue due to the transfer of the toxin through the food chain to humans. The aim of this paper is to review the available literature on: (1) the frequency and degree of occurrence of OTA in differ...

background: bovine cysticercosis is one of the most important parasitic diseases caused by the metacestode stage of the human tapeworm taenia saginata. the public health and economic consequences of this parasite may be considerable due to downgrading and the condemnation of carcasses. therefore, this survey was designed to estimate the prevalence, economic losses and food safety importance of ...

In the daily language the word " taste " refers to the sensations that professionals carefully distinguish as taste and odour, or flavour. The sense of taste is notably robust with age, whereas declines in the sense of olfaction are dramatic. Age-related changes in taste functioning do not affect all individuals, and some elderly individuals are essentially unimpaired. Age has a more significan...

Changes in biomass and elemental composition (dry mass, W; carbon, C; nitrogen, N; hydrogen, H) were studied in the laboratory during complete larval and early juvenile development of the southern stone crab Paralomis granulosa (Jacquinot). At 6 ± 0.5°C; total larval development from hatching to metamorphosis lasted ca. 56 d, comprising 2 demersal zoeal stages and a benthic megalopa, with mean ...

Food Loss and Waste (FLW) that entail substantial economic, environmental, social cost is of great concern for a country fulfilling > 80% food demands through the import agricultural commodities. The current study mainly aimed at bringing together wide range perspectives on FLW by multi-stakeholder engagement in order to enhance cooperation network building with respect sharing knowledge exp...

Agricultural phosphorus (P) use is intricately linked to food security and water quality. Globalization of agricultural systems and changing diets clearly alter these relationships, yet their specific influence on non-renewable P reserves is less certain. We assessed P fertilizer used for production of food crops, livestock and biofuels in the US agricultural system, explicitly comparing the do...

STUDY OBJECTIVE The aim was to estimate health and economic consequences of interventions aimed at reducing the daily intake of salt (sodium chloride) by 6 g per person in the Norwegian population. Health promotion (information campaigns), development of new industry food recipes, declaration of salt content in food and taxes on salty food/subsidies of products with less salt, were possible int...